Fig. 5: Results or Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis. | Molecular Psychiatry

Fig. 5: Results or Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis.

From: Long-COVID post-viral chronic fatigue and affective symptoms are associated with oxidative damage, lowered antioxidant defenses and inflammation: a proof of concept and mechanism study

Fig. 5: Results or Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis.

This model shows that the effects of reduced oxygen saturation (SpO2) and increased peak body temperature (PBT) during the acute phase of COVID-19 on the neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) of Long COVID are in part mediated by increased oxidative stress toxicity and lowered antioxidant defenses. The neuropsychiatric symptoms of Long COVID are entered as a latent vector extracted from subdomain scores on the Fibromylgia-Fatigue (FF), Hamilton Depression (HAMD) and Anxiety (HAMA) rating scales. sFF somatic FF symptoms, sHAMD and sHAMD somatic HAMD and HAMA scores, respectively, dHAMD depression HAMD scores, aHAMD anxiety HAMA scores, CRP C-reactive protein, Gpx glutathione peroxidase, TAC total antioxidant capacity, MPO myeloperoxidase, MDA malondialdehyde. Shown are path coefficients (with exact p values between brackets), loadings (with p values) of the latent vector and explained variance (white figures in blue circles).

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