Fig. 1: Mitochondria transplantation into the mPFC in adolescence affects mPFC-dependent stress-induced spontaneous locomotor activity, neurotransmitter levels and neuronal outgrowth, assessed by dendritic branching and spine density of II/III layer pyramidal neurons, in adulthood (PND > 90). | Molecular Psychiatry

Fig. 1: Mitochondria transplantation into the mPFC in adolescence affects mPFC-dependent stress-induced spontaneous locomotor activity, neurotransmitter levels and neuronal outgrowth, assessed by dendritic branching and spine density of II/III layer pyramidal neurons, in adulthood (PND > 90).

From: Mitochondria play an essential role in the trajectory of adolescent neurodevelopment and behavior in adulthood: evidence from a schizophrenia rat model

Fig. 1: Mitochondria transplantation into the mPFC in adolescence affects mPFC-dependent stress-induced spontaneous locomotor activity, neurotransmitter levels and neuronal outgrowth, assessed by dendritic branching and spine density of II/III layer pyramidal neurons, in adulthood (PND > 90).

a Significant differences in distance traveled of spontaneous locomotor activity in a novel environment between the experimental groups (“model X transplantation” interaction (F(1,25) = 4.274, P < 0.049). Both PV and SM showed increased locomotor activity as compared to SV rats (P > 0.035 and P < 0.05, respectively). PM locomotor activity was attenuated towards SV activity levels (P = 0.276), yet did not reach a significant difference from PV (P = 0.331). N = 6–8 rats/group. b Two-way ANOVA identified significant “model X transplantation” interaction effects for the monoamines’ neurotransmitters NE (F(1,24) = 5.163, P < 0.032), DOPAC (F(1,26) = 4.751, P < 0.039), HVA (F(1,24) = 6.811, P < 0.015), 5-HIAA (F(1,25) = 4.528, P < 0.038), and a marginal interaction for 5-HT levels (F(1,21) = 3.714, P < 0.06). In PM rats, simple effect analysis showed significant increases in NE (at least P < 0.003 compared to all other groups), DOPAC (PM vs. SM, P < 0.038), HVA (PM vs. PV, P < 0.014; PM vs. SM, P < 0.034), 5-HT (PM vs. PV, P < 0.05; PM vs. SM, P < 0.029) and in 5-HIAA levels (PM vs. SM, P < 0.026). N = 5–8 rats/group. c Significant interaction for DA turnover (F(1,19) = 4.356, P < 0.05) due to a significant increase in PM as compared to PV (P < 0.043) and to SM (P < 0.039). No significant differences were observed for 5-HT turnover. N = 5–8 rats/group. d Representative images of computer-generated reconstruction of Golgi-cox-impregnated pyramidal neurons and spines’ images along 10 µm segment of quaternary dendrites of all groups. e Number of primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary and quinary order dendrites. One-way ANOVA revealed significant differences in quaternary (F(3,12) = 6.70, P < 0.007) and quinary (F(3,12) = 3.66, P < 0.044) dendrites between groups. PV showed a decreased number of quaternary (P < 0.008) and no quinary (P < 0.048) dendrites as compared to SV, while transplanted mitochondria increased both (P < 0.002 and P < 0.015, respectively) in PM as compared to PV group with no change from SV. In SM rats, mitochondria transplantation decreased the number of quaternary (P < 0.043) branching as compared to SV. N = 4–5 rats/group. f Number of secondary, tertiary and quaternary spine density per 10 µm dendritic segment. One-way ANOVA showed significant differences (F(3,12) = 10.1, P < 0.001) in spine density of quaternary dendrites between groups. Lower quaternary spine density was observed in PV as compared to SV rats (P < 0.001). Mitochondria transplantation increased spine number in PM as compared PV rats to reach SV number (PM vs. PV, P < 0.0002; PM vs. SV, P > 0.05), but had no effect in the SM group. N = 4 rats/group. All values are means ± s.e.m. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.03; ***P < 0.005.

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