Table 1 Neurotransmitter autoantibody titers.

From: Clinical improvement of Long-COVID is associated with reduction in autoantibodies, lipids, and inflammation following therapeutic apheresis

Antibody

ß1-adr-R-Ab (U/ml)

ß2-adr-R-Ab (U/ml)

M3 R-Ab (U/ml)

M4 R-Ab (U/ml)

Long-Covid patients

12.18 ± 10.97

20.75 ± 16.13

18.18 ± 15.31

11.68 ± 9.01

Reference value

15

14

10

10.7

  1. Antibody titers were measured in the blood of Long-Covid patients with reported fatigue (n = 123).
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