Fig. 4: Synapse-related phospho-proteomic changes in the adult Adnp-HT hippocampus.

a Schematic of phospho-proteomic analysis in adult male Adnp-HT and WT hippocampi (4 months). b Volcano plots of 4267 peptides (dots) with significant (p < 0.05) changes in PTM levels (PTM-DEPs; 2219 up and 2048 down) belonging to 1460 proteins (PTM-DEPPs; 824 up and 940 down) from adult Adnp-HT and WT mice (4 months). The PTM-DEPs with stronger changes (p < 0.05 + |fold change/FC| > 1.5 or 2.0) are indicated by darker red/blue colors, of which those that are |FC| > 2.0 are labeled of protein names. c Pathway and process analysis of PTM-DEPPs (p < 0.05; 1460 proteins) performed using the Metascape program (https://Metascape.org) and Cytoscape visualization. Synapse, actin, and small GTPase-related clusters are indicated in red. SynGO analysis indicates that 373 of the 1460 PTM-DEPPs belong to SynGO proteins (~26% of total, ~31% of upregulated, and ~25% of downregulated; termed SynGO-PTM-DEPPs) (d) and that they are localized at pre- and postsynaptic sites (e). f String analysis of SynGO-PTM-DEPPs (p < 0.05 and fold change >2.0; 25 total, 16 up and 11 down) for protein-protein interactions.