Table 6 Summary of results from the Jacknife sensitivity analysis showing pooled standardized mean differences (SMD; with Hedges’ g adjustment) between treatment and control arms.

From: Clinical and cognitive effects of external trigeminal nerve stimulation (eTNS) in neurological and psychiatric disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Outcome

Excluded study

Effect size estimate

Heterogeneity

SMD

Lower 95% CI

Upper 95% CI

p

I2

p*

Pain intensity

Fan et al. [80]

1.01

0.80

1.21

<0.001

0

0.74

Guo et al. [79]

1.00

0.76

1.24

<0.001

0

0.65

Jiang et al. [42]

1.07

0.86

1.29

<0.001

0

0.78

An et al. [74]

1.05

0.83

1.28

<0.001

0

0.62

Depression

McGough et al. [26]

0.66

−0.07

1.39

0.07

39.76

0.20

Zhang et al. [64]

0.29

−0.12

0.69

0.17

0.00

0.81

Gil-López et al. [63]

0.59

−0.24

1.41

0.16

60.70

0.11

  1. Significant values are in bold.
  2. CI Confidence Intervals, I2 percentage of between-study variation across SMDs that is due to heterogeneity rather than chance.
  3. *p-values from Q – i.e., the chi-squared test statistic.
Back to article page