Table 1 Participant demographics, and association between psychotic experiences (PEs) and environmental risk factors (cumulative psychological trauma and cumulative pre/perinatal risk factors, weighted for their association with psychosis).

From: The impact of cumulative obstetric complications and childhood trauma on brain volume in young people with psychotic experiences

Variable

PEs

   

Inferential Statistics

None

Suspected

Definite

Psychotic Disorder

 

Total

275

49

53

36

 

Antipsychotic medication

0

0

0

6

 

Sex: female

156 (62%)

33 (13%)

33 (13%)

28 (11%)

χ2 = 7.167, p = 0.07

Sex: male

119 (73%)

16 (10%)

20 (12%)

8 (5%)

 

Age: years

21.53 (1.46)

20.78 (1.05)

20.17 (1.01)

20.11 (0.92)

Coefficient −0.27 (95%CI −0.34 to −0.21) p < 0.001

Total intracranial volume

1454.88 (139.06)

1428.88 (145.80)

1454.83 (151.09)

1386.04 (162.68)

Coefficient −0.0007 (95%CI −0.00141 to −0.00006) p = 0.03

Cumulative psychological trauma

0.10 (0.10)

0.15 (0.13)

0.17 (0.16)

0.18 (0.15)

Coefficient 2.16 (95%CI 1.38 to 2.93) p < 0.001

Cumulative pre/perinatal risk

0.039 (0.037)

0.035 (0.030)

0.038 (0.038)

0.046 (0.045)

Coefficient 0.68 (95%CI −1.98 to 3.33) p = 0.62

  1. Inferential statistics used Chi square (χ2) or linear regression. Standard deviation or % presented in brackets. Trauma types are: physical cruelty, domestic violence, sexual abuse, emotional neglect, emotional cruelty, and bullying. See Supplementary Table 1 for the 16 pre/perinatal risk factors for psychosis.
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