Fig. 1: Shank3 KO mice and autistic children show deficits in social orientation. | Molecular Psychiatry

Fig. 1: Shank3 KO mice and autistic children show deficits in social orientation.

From: Translational research approach to social orienting deficits in autism: the role of superior colliculus-ventral tegmental pathway

Fig. 1: Shank3 KO mice and autistic children show deficits in social orientation.The alt text for this image may have been generated using AI.

a Schematic representation of the breeding and the social orientation test. b Upper panel: heatmaps reporting the relative position of the social stimulus during orientation test. Lower panel: violin plots reporting the time passed with the juvenile stimulus in the frontal field displayed for Shank3+/+ (n = 20) and Shank3−/− (n = 9) mice (unpaired t-test: p-value = 0.034). The mean and s.e.m. are indicated per group. Human sample (panels c–j) demonstrate group comparisons obtained by using t-test comparing the ASD sample (green) to 100 bootstrapped typically developing (TD) samples (blue). c Left panel: example frames of the video used for the experiment. Right panel: violin plots reporting the eye-tracking derived visual preference for social information (TD, n = 46) and ASD (n = 46) children (p-value < 0.001, median cohen D = 0.95). d Left panel: example frames of the video used for the experiment. Right panel: violin plots reporting proximity index derived from viewing a complex social scene TD (n = 38) and ASD (n = 38) children (p-value < 0.001, median cohen D = 1.04). e Symptom severity in social affect domain of Autism Diagnosis Observation Schedule (ADOS) for TD (n = 46) and ASD (n = 46) children (p-value < 0.001, median cohen D = −3.45). f Symptom severity in restricted and Repetitive Behaviors (RRB) domain of ADOS for TD (n = 46) and ASD (n = 46) children (p-value < 0.001, median cohen D = −4.25). Mullen Early Learning scales (MSEL) Developmental quotient (DQ) for TD (n = 46) and ASD (n = 46) children in g Visual reception (p-value < 0.001, median cohen D = 2.04); h Fine Motor (p-value < 0.001, median cohen D = 1.32); i Receptive Language (p-value < 0.001, median cohen D = 2.39); and (j) Expressive Language (p-value < 0.001, median cohen D = 2.21).

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