Fig. 7: VEH | SIV ECs reactivated the expression of HIV gag p24 in primary PBMC from HIV+ individuals treated with ART.

A) Levels of LDH released by PBMCs from all donors treated with ECs and PMA compared to PBS treated PBMCs. B) Flow cytometry analysis showing plots of gate of side scatter (SS) and forward scatter (FS) and their associated zebra plot quadrants for CD4 and HIV gag p24. C) Frequencies of CD4+ and HIV gag p24+ cells for all donors. D) Flow cytometry analysis showing plots of gate of side scatter (SS) and forward scatter (FS) and their associated zebra plot quadrants for CD25 and CD69. E) Frequencies of CD69+ and CD25+ cells for all donors. F) Flow cytometry analysis showing plots of gate of side scatter (SS) and forward scatter (FS) and their associated zebra plot for CD25 + CD69+ (arrows) for CD25 + CD69 + HIV gag p24- and CD25 + CD69 + HIV gag p24 + . G) Frequencies of CD25 + CD69 + HIV gag p24+ cells for all donors. H) Histogram shows plots of gate of CD25 + CD69 + HIV gag p24CD4+ and the mean frequencies +/- standard deviation for four donors. I) Frequencies of CD25 + CD69 + HIV gag p24 + CD4+ cells for all donors. J) Levels of extracellular HIV gag p24 (Pg/mL) measured in PBMCs culture using p24 ELISA. K) Representative microscopic images of HIV infection (GFP expression, green) after 72 h (3 days) of treatment with supernatants from PBMC cultures from HIV + ART + . L) Quantification of HIV infection (GFP expression, green) after 72 h (3 days) of treatment with supernatants from PBMC cultures from HIV + ART + . Where indicated, PMA served as positive control plotted as horizontal lines. PBS represent PBMCs treated with PBS without ECs and serve as no EC control. Media represent TZM-GFP cells treated with culture media alone. Statistical significance was determined by ordinary one-way ANOVA (Šídák’s multiple comparisons test) **** p < 0.0001, *** p < 0.0005, ** p < 0.0088, * p < 0.01, ns = non-significant.