Fig. 1: Human intestinal CD4⁺ T cells are phenotypically distinct from their circulating counterparts.

a UMAP visualization after concatenation of flow-cytometric data from PB (red), LP (gray), and IE (green) CD4⁺ T cells, as described in ref. ⁸. Representative of three samples. Map of the clusters and representation of each tissue compartment (left). Overlay of the UMAP clusters and the expression levels for each marker, color-coded based on the median fluorescence intensity values (MFI) (right). b Representative contour plots showing L-selectin and CD45RA expression on PB, LP and IE CD4⁺ T cells and classification of these cells into Tcm, central memory; Tem, effector memory; TemRA, effector memory re-expressing CD45RA; Tn, naïve. c Phenotypic comparison of total PB CD4⁺ T cells or d effector memory (EM) PB CD4⁺ T cells with intestinal LP, and IE CD4⁺ T cells. Compiled data for each marker is given and black bars indicate mean values. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. ns, not significant; *P ≤ 0.05; **P ≤ 0.01 ***P ≤ 0.001; ****P ≤ 0.0001. e Representative histograms showing the differential phenotypic profile of intestinal CD103⁻ and CD103⁺ CD4⁺ T cells from LP and IE for several T_RM-related markers. Mean values and SEM is provided. Compiled data of all the experiments are shown in Figure S1C.