Table 2 Primary and Secondary Outcomes in the Modified Intention-to-Treat Analysis.

From: The efficacy and cerebral mechanism of intradermal acupuncture for major depressive disorder: a multicenter randomized controlled trial

Variables	SSRIs (n = 36)	SSRIs + SIA (n = 37)	SSRIs + AIA (n = 36)	Inter-group differences^a		Repeatedly measured data^b		Between-group comparisons
				F	P	F	P	SSRIs + AIA vs. SSRIs		SSRIs + AIA vs. SSRIs + SIA
				F	P	F	P	MD (95% CI)^c	Effect size^d	MD (95% CI)^c	Effect size^d
Primary outcome
HAMD-17 score changes at week 6, mean (SD)	−4.6 (0.8)^†	−4.8 (0.8)^†	−9.6 (0.8)^†*#	13.19	<0.001			−5.1 (−7.8 to −2.3)	−1.04	−4.9 (−7.6 to −2.2)	−1.03
Secondary outcome
HAMD-17, mean (SD)
Week 3	−3.3 (0.6)^†	−2.8 (0.6)^†	−5.2 (0.6)^†#	4.70	0.011			−1.9 (−3.9 to 0.1)	−0.53	−2.4 (−4.4 to −0.4)	−0.71
Week 10	−7.2 (0.9)^†	−6.5 (0.9)^†	−10.6 (0.9)^†*^#	5.84	0.004			−3.4 (−6.5 to −0.3)	−0.65	−4.1 (−7.2 to -1.0)	−0.73
SDS, mean (SD)						8.61	<0.001
Week 3	−3.6 (7.2)^†	−4.8 (5.7)^†	−11.1 (8.3)^†*^#	11.28	<0.001			−7.4 (−11.5 to −3.3)	−0.95	−6.2 (−10.3 to -2.2)	-0.88
Week 6	−4.7 (8.4)^†	−6.2 (8.6)^†	−17.0 (10.1)^†*^#	19.76	<0.001			−12.3 (−17.4 to −7.1)	−1.32	−10.8 (−16.0 to −5.6)	-1.15
Week 10	−8.5 (10.1)^†	−10.2 (11.1)^†	−18.5 (11.3)^†*^#	8.88	<0.001			−10.1 (−16.3 to −3.8)	−0.96	−8.3 (−14.5 to −2.1)	-0.76
PSQI, mean (SD)						0.74	0.593
Week 3	−1.6 (3.0)	−1.1 (4.3)	−2.0 (3.2)^†	0.64	0.529			−0.4 (−2.5 to 1.6)	−0.14	-0.9 (-3.0 to 1.1)	−0.25
Week 6	−2.7 (3.5)^†	−2.7 (3.5)^†	−4.1 (3.4)^†	1.45	0.239			−1.4 (−3.7 to 0.9)	−0.40	−1.4 (−3.7 to 0.9)	−0.33
Week 10	−3.8 (3.4)^†	−3.5 (4.6)^†	−4.2 (4.3)^†	0.32	0.729			−0.4 (-2.8 to 1.9)	−0.12	−0.8 (−3.1 to 1.6)	−0.17

SSRIs selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, SIA sham intradermal acupuncture, AIA active intradermal acupuncture, SDS Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale, PSQI Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, MD mean difference.
*P < 0.05 vs. SSRIs group, ^#P <0.05 vs. SSRIs + SIA group; ^†P < 0.05 for intra-group comparisons.
^aInter-group differences were evaluated by the one factorial ANOVA test.
^bRepeatedly measured data (10 weeks’ period) were assessed by the two-way repeated measures ANOVA test.
^cBetween-group comparisons were adjusted by Bonferroni test.
^dEffect size was calculated using Cohen’s d.

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Table 2 Primary and Secondary Outcomes in the Modified Intention-to-Treat Analysis.

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