Fig. 5: MA-induced potentiation of DR 5-HT neurons expressing non-functional TAAR1 is SERT dependent.

All experiments were performed in the presence of antagonists for 5HT1A (WAY 100635, 100 nM) and 5HT1B (SB 216641, 200 nM) autoreceptors. A Mean firing frequency of MAHDR DR 5-HT neurons pre- and post-MA application in the presence of the AMPA receptor antagonist NBQX (10 µM) and GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline (10 µM) [7 recordings (7 mice: Male = 4, Female = 3). Means ± SEM are presented collapsed on sex] B RMPs of MAHDR DR 5-HT neurons depolarized in response to MA in the presence of NBQX and bicuculline. Each set of symbols represents a recording in the absence and presence of MA. C The effect of MA is blocked in the presence of fluoxetine in recordings from MAHDR DR 5-HT neurons [7 recordings (6 mice: Male=3, Female = 4). Means ± SEM are presented collapsed on sex]. D RMPs of MAHDR DR 5-HT neurons were not significantly changed by MA in the presence of fluoxetine. Each set of symbols represents a recording in the absence and presence of MA. E Blockade of the MA effect by fluoxetine is confirmed in DR 5-HT neurons from MAHDR-Taar1m1J/m1J control mice [7 recordings (6 mice: Male = 3, Female = 3). Means ± SEM are presented collapsed on sex]. F RMPs of MAHDR-Taar1m1J/m1J DR 5-HT neurons were not significantly changed by MA in the presence of fluoxetine. Each set of symbols represents a recording in the absence and presence of MA. G Schematic of TAAR1 differences between lines. Left panel: MA enters DR 5-HT neurons of MAHDR and MAHDR-Taar1m1J/m1J control mice through SERT. Due to non-functional TAAR1, MA cannot activate TAAR1 signaling pathways, preventing the internalization of SERT from the membrane (denoted by the red Xs). In these mice, MA depolarizes DR 5-HT neurons resulting in increased activity in the presence of autoreceptor antagonists. The effect of MA can be blocked by the SERT antagonist fluoxetine. Right panel: MA enters DR 5-HT neurons of MALDR and MAHDR-Taar1+/+ KI mice through SERT. MA activates TAAR1 signaling pathways leading to internalization of SERT from the membrane. As a result, MA does not depolarize DR 5-HT neurons, and their activity remains unchanged in the presence of 5-HT autoreceptor antagonists. Created in BioRender. Rios, S. (2025) https://BioRender.com/t93y794.