Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study participants.

From: The neurobiological cravings signature (NCS) as a predictive neuromarker of clinical outcomes in alcohol use disorder

Variable (Mean ± SD)

Full cohort

High NCS

Low NCS

p value

Number of participants (n female)

39 (7)

20 (5)

19 (2)

0.41

Treatment rTMS (n Sham)

19 (20)

7 (13)

12 (7)

0.11

Age

52.23 ± 9.49

52.80 ± 7.63

51.63 ± 11.31

0.71

Relapse cases (no relapse)

30 (9)

19 (1)

11 (8)

0.008

Number of AUD Dependence criteria (DSM-IV)

5.92 ± 1.18

5.70 ± 1.08

6.16 ± 1.26

0.23

MMSE

28.97 ± 1.04

29.15 ± 0.81

28.79 ± 1.23

0.29

TLFB grams/week

415.72 ± 301.28

492.60 ± 341.62

334.79 ± 234.43

0.1

AUDIT

24.44 ± 7.24

25.65 ± 7.51

23.16 ± 6.91

0.29

ADS

18.36 ± 7.53

16.25 ± 6.93

20.58 ± 7.68

0.07

CPRS-SA

 Depression

7.92 ± 5.09

8.07 ± 5.50

7.76 ± 4.76

0.85

 Anxiety

6.92 ± 4.68

6.62 ± 5.02

7.24 ± 4.42

0.69

Number of smokers/total n

28/39

14/20

14/19

0.99

ASI

 Medical Problems

0.29 ± 0.31

0.30 ± 0.32

0.27 ± 0.30

0.82

 Psych Problems

0.23 ± 0.19

0.23 ± 0.19

0.23 ± 0.20

0.98

 Family/Social Problems

0.24 ± 0.18

0.22 ± 0.22

0.27 ± 0.14

0.37

 Alcohol Problems

0.58 ± 0.17

0.65 ± 0.16

0.49 ± 0.13

0.002

 Drug Problems

0.05 ± 0.06

0.05 ± 0.06

0.04 ± 0.08

0.75

 Legal Problems

0.05 ± 0.07

0.04 ± 0.13

0.06 ± 0.21

0.72

 Framewise displacement

0.29(0.16)

0.25(0.09)

0.33(0.20)

0.11

 Outlier volumes

4.05(3.29)

3.90(3.34)

4.21(3.33)

0.77

  1. P values derived from t tests for continuous variables and Fisher’s exact test for categorical (i.e., proportion male/female, treatment allocation, and relapse).
  2. rTMS repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, MMSE Mini Mental State Exam, TLFB Time Line Follow Back, AUDIT Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test, CPRS-SA Comprehensive Psychopathological Self-Rating Scale for Affective Symptoms, ADS Alcohol Dependence Severity, ASI Addiction Severity Index.
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