Fig. 3: The Vav-dependent skin phenotype is mostly keratinocyte-autonomous.

A Representative image of immunodeficient mice at the endpoint of the skin xenograft protocol performed with the indicated cell combinations. The regenerated skin area is indicated with an arrow. Scale bar, 2 cm (n = 5). Ker, keratinocytes; Fib, fibroblasts. B Representative images of hair regeneration in immunodeficient mice at the endpoint of the skin xenograft protocol shown in A. n = 5 per cell mix. C Quantification of the skin area regenerated by the indicated cell combinations according to the data obtained in A. **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001 (ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD tests, n = 5). Statistical significance asterisks refer to comparisons against the Ker^WT + Fib^WT condition or against the indicated experimental condition (in brackets). D Representative histological sections of the skin area regenerated by the indicated transplanted cell combinations at the endpoint of the xenograft protocol. Scale bar, 100 μm (n = 5). E–H Quantification of hair follicle number (E), epidermal inclusion cysts (F), epidermal thickness (G) and dermal thickness (H) in the histological sections from the experiment shown in D. **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001 (E–G ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD tests, H Chi-squared test, n = 5). Statistical significance asterisks refer to comparisons against the Ker^WT + Fib^WT condition or against the indicated experimental condition (in brackets). I Representative immunofluorescence images showing BrdU labeling (red color) and keratin 14 expression (green color) in the skin regenerated by the indicated cell combinations at the endpoint of the xenograft protocol. Phalloidin (blue color) was used for counterstaining. Scale bar, 100 μm (n = 5). J Quantification of BrdU⁺ cells the skin area regenerated by the indicated cell mixes according to data obtained in I. **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001 (ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD tests, n = 5). Statistical significance asterisks refer to comparisons against the Ker^WT + Fib^WT condition or against the indicated experimental condition (in brackets). In C, E–H and J, data represent mean ± SEM. NS, not significant.