Fig. 1: Decitabine induces NY-ESO-1 expression in AML cell lines through DNA demethylation.

RT-PCR analysis of NY-ESO-1 levels in AML cell lines (A) U937, (B) HL60, (C) Kasumi-1, and (D) THP-1 at 10 days after treatment with 200 nM DAC. E Western blot analysis of the NY-ESO-1 protein level in AML lines before and 3 days after DAC treatment. The multiple myeloma cell line U266 was used as a positive control for NY-ESO-1 expression. F RT-PCR analysis of NY-ESO-1 mRNA levels in primary AML blasts before and after DAC treatment. The data in A–D, and F are presented as mean ± sd (n = 3). Two-tailed unpaired t tests were used to compare the pre-treatment with post-treatment groups. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001. Western blot analysis of the DNMT3a level in AML cell lines (G) and patient blast samples (H) before and after DAC treatment. The membranes were incubated with anti-DNMT3a, and β-actin was used as a loading control. Bisulfite sequencing analysis of the methylation status of NY-ESO-1 promoters in AML cell lines (I) U937, (J) HL60, (K) Kasumi-1, and (L) THP-1 treated with 200 nM DAC for 72 h (n = 8).