Table 3 Functions of different subtypes of integrin in mechanotransduction.
Integrin subtype | Effects on tumor progression | Cell type | Alterations in tumor tissue and tumor cell mechanics | Mechanism | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
β1 | Increase tumor latency and decrease tumor incidence | Ha-ras MCF10 cells | Decrease tissue stiffness | PI3K signaling | [53] |
β1 | Promote cancer cell proliferation | Colorectal cancer cell | Increase matrix stiffness | Increase FAK/SRC phosphorylation | [437] |
β1 | Increase tumor cell motility | GBM cells | Increase substrate stiffness | Glycocalyx bulkiness; FAK | [230] |
β1 | Decrease lung metastases | CAF | Decrease tumor tissue stiffness | DDR2 | [232] |
β1 | Promote migration | Breast cancer cells | Increase substrate stiffness | β1-FAK activation mediated RhoA/ROCK1/p-MLC and RhoA/ROCK2/p-cofilin pathways | [458] |
αvβ3 | Increase the invasiveness of cancer cells in 3D | Breast, melanoma, Kidney and bladder carcinoma cells | Increased cellular stiffness | NA | [459] |
αvβ3 | Promote tumor invasion | CAF | ECM remodeling | Increased fibronectin assembly | [460] |
α5β1 | Promote malignant phenotype | Mammary epithelial cells | Stiffer ECM | PI3K/ERK pathway activation | [438] |
α5β1 | Promote invasion | Breast cancer cells | Increased cellular stiffness and contractile forces | Increased membrane-type 1 MMP | [461] |
α9β1 | Promote migration and lung metastasis | Human GBM and osteosarcoma cells | ECM glycoprotein tenascin C | Inhibit actin stress fiber formation and YAP expression | [462] |
β3 | Induce the dormancy of tumor-repopulating cells | Melanoma cells | 3D matrix stiffening | Facilitate Cdc42 into nucleus and promote Tet2 to activate p27 and p21 | [463] |
β3 | Promote invasion | Fibrosarcoma cells | Transient tugging forces | Higher activity of cofilin, elongated invadopodia | [228] |
α3β1 | Awaken dormant cancer cells | Breast and prostate cancer | Laminin remodeling | Sustained inflammation induced the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps | [464] |
α6β4 | Promote malignant phenotype | Mammary epithelial cells | Stiffer ECM | PI3K/Rac activation | [48] |
α2β1 | Facilitate invadopodia formation | Breast cancer cells | Dense 3D collagen | NA | [186] |
α11 | Inhibit tumor growth and metastatic potential | CAF | Softer tumor tissue | NA | [465] |
