Fig. 7: PAM expression is necessary for progression of glioblastoma in vivo.

a Representative bioluminescence images of mice 14 days after implantation with LN229 cells expressing shNT or shPAM-1 for the indicated timepoints. b Representative H&E staining and immunofluorescence images for CD31 (green) and Desmin (red) of mouse tumor sections 14 days after implantation with LN229 cells expressing shNT or shPAM-1 expression. Scale bars: 50 μm. c Tumor growth kinetics on the basis of total flux calculated for mice implanted with LN229 cells having either shNT or shPAM-1 for the indicated timepoints. The data are normalized to respective shNT control and contains eight mice per cohort ± SD (t test with p value < 0.05*, <0.01**). d Overall survival of mice with shNT and shPAM-1 LN229 glioblastoma using Kaplan−Meier survival analysis. Significance was calculated using the Log-rank method. e Expression levels of PAM in IDH-wild-type and IDH-R132H glioblastoma patients vs. the normal brain control (data retrieved from Gravendeel et al.⁴⁴) ± SD (t test with p value < 0.01**). f Kaplan−Meier survival analysis representing percentage survival of patients with low (green) and high (red) PAM expression from Gravendeel et al.⁴⁴. Patient’s allocation to the high and low groups was such that the difference in the survival curve was as significant as possible. Significance was calculated using Log-rank method.