Fig. 9: Diltiazem influences EMT markers, GDF-15 and MMPs expressions in vivo. | Oncogenesis

Fig. 9: Diltiazem influences EMT markers, GDF-15 and MMPs expressions in vivo.

From: Diltiazem inhibits breast cancer metastasis via mediating growth differentiation factor 15 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition

Fig. 9

A–D The protein expression of epithelial marker E-cadherin, mesenchymal marker Snail, and the mRNA expression of GDF-15 were examined by using homogenized lung tissues. Graphs showed mean ± S.D. of at least three independent experiments. E–H The expression of serum GDF-15, MMP-9, MMP-2, and MMP-12 were measured by ELISA. Graphs showed mean ± S.E.M. of at least four independent experiments. p value was calculated using Student’s t test. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001 compared to sham group. #p < 0.05; ##p < 0.01 compared to control group.

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