Fig. 6: USP32 activates the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway by regulating BAG3 expression.

A GSEA enrichment of the MAPK signaling pathway in lung cancer patient-associated differential genes. Data were obtained from the TCGA database. B GSEA analysis shows that high expression of USP32 in lung cancer patients is associated with the MAPK signaling pathway. Data were obtained from the TCGA database. NES means normalized enrichment score. C, D Overexpression of USP32 and empty plasmid were transfected in H460 and H1299 cells, and Western blot was performed to detect the protein levels of USP32 and members of the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway (RAF1, p-RAF1, MEK-1/2, p-MEK1/2, ERK1/2, and p-ERK1/2). E, F siUSP32#2 was transfected into A549 and H1299 cells, and Western blotting was performed to detect the expression of USP 32, RAF1, p-RAF1, MEK-1/2, p-MEK1/2, ERK1/2 and p-ERK1/2. G, H Overexpression of BAG3 activates the RAF/MEK/ERK pathway in A549 and H1299 cells of USP32 knockdown *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001.