Table 3 Secondary outcome measures of school-age children

Post-neonatal onset epilepsy

Specify seizure type according to ILAE^77,78

Neuromotor outcomes

1. Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS)

2. Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM)

3. Movement Assessment Battery for Children (Movement ABC 2)⁹³: 4 to 12 years; targeted to detect gross motor or fine motor impairments

4. Peabody Developmental Motor Scale, revised (PDMS-2)⁹⁴

Cognitive outcomes

1. British Ability Scale, Third Edition (BAS 3)⁹⁵: 3 years to 17 years 11 months; Early Years Battery for 3 years to 5 years 11 months

2. Differential Ability Scales Second Edition (DAS-II)⁹⁶: 3 years 6 months to 17 years

3. Mullen Scale of Early Learning: Birth to 5 years 8 months

4. Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales, Fifth Edition (SB5)⁹⁷: 2 years to 85 years

  a. Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence—Fourth Edition (WPPSI—IV)⁹⁸: 2 years 6 months to 7 years 7 months

  b. Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children—Fifth Edition (WISC—V)⁹⁹: 6 years to 16 years 11 months

5. Standardized tests of executive function, which underpin many adverse cognitive outcomes

  a. NEPSY, Second Edition (NEPSY-II)¹⁰⁰

  b. Behavior Rating Index of Executive Function, Second Edition (BRIEF2)¹⁰¹

  c. Cognitive Assessment System, Second Edition¹⁰²

6. Behavior and social-emotional problems: many questionnaires/surveys are available for this age group, including the Child Behavior Checklist¹⁰³, BITSEA¹⁰⁴, ITSEA¹⁰⁴, and M-CHAT¹⁰⁵

7. Academic attainment tests are for school-age children, 6 years and above