Table 4 Summary of finding evidence.

From: Sex differences in children’s cognitive functions and phthalates exposure: a meta-analysis

Certainty assessment

№ of patients

Effect

Certainty

№ of studies

Study design

Risk of bias

Inconsistency

Indirectness

Imprecision

Other considerations

Boys exposed to plasticizers

Girls exposed to plasticizers

Absolute (95% CI)

9

observational studies

seriousa

serious

not serious

not serious

none

2033

2087

beta 0.47 lower

(0.59 higher to 1.49 higher)

very low

  1. CI confidence interval, GRADE Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation.
  2. aConfounding bias was founded in 3 out of 9 articles.