Table 2 Mean (SD) standardiseda visuospatial processing scores of VLBW adults and full term controls

From: Visuospatial outcomes of a prospective national cohort of young adults with very low birthweight

Measure

VLBW

Controls

P

Cohen’s d (95%CI)

Unadjusted

Adjusted 1b

Adjusted 2c

WASI II block design score (motor)

96.2 (14.4) (N = 225)

108.6 (12.7) (N = 100)

<0.001

0.82 (0.58, 1.07)

0.76 (0.52, 1.00)

0.55 (0.31, 79)

Benton visuospatial processing score (non-motor)

97.3 (15.9) (N = 219)

106.0 (10.5) (N = 100)

<0.001

0.58 (0.34, 82)

0.57 (0.33, 81)

0.37 (0.13, 61)

Brixton visuospatial sequencing score (non-motor)

98.1 (15.7) (N = 213)

104.2 (12.6) (N = 100)

<0.001

0.41 (0.17, 65)

0.41 (0.17, 65)

0.24 (0.00, 48)

Composite visuospatial processing score

96.5 (15.2) (N = 211)

107.4 (11.5) (N = 100)

<0.001

0.73 (0.49, 98)

0.72 (0.48, 97)

0.50 (0.26, 74)

  1. WASI II Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence 2nd edition.
  2. a All outcomes standardised to mean=100, SD = 15 in the combined sample.
  3. b Adjusted for moderate or worse visual impairment, cerebral palsy, sex, ethnicity, maternal education, family socio-economic status.
  4. c Adjusted for WASI II Verbal IQ in addition to covariates listed in footnote 2.
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