Table 1 Baseline characteristics

From: Evaluating 3D-printed models for congenital heart disease: impact on parental anxiety and procedural understanding

Characteristic

Control (n = 28)

3D Model (n = 29)

Total (n = 57)

Parents

 Mean age years (SD)

38 (9.97)

39 (10)

38 (9)

 Sex male

12 (42.85%)

12 (41.38%)

24 (42.11%)

 Sex female

18 (64.28%)

18 (62.07%)

36 (63.16%)

Child

 Mean age years (SD)

3.28 (3.94)

4.59 (3.94)

1.7 (3.94)

 Sex male

10 (35.71%)

13 (44.83%)

23 (40.36%)

 Sex female

18 (64.28%)

17 (58.62%)

37 (64.91%)

CHD

 Interventional ASD

11 (39.29%)

8 (27.59%)

19 (33.34%)

 Interventional PDA

6 (21.43%)

0

6 (10.53%)

 Interventional Biopsy

0

3 (10.34%)

3 (5.26%)

 Surgery ASD

7 (25%)

6 (20.70%)

13 (22.81%)

 Surgery VSD

3 (10.71%)

7 (24.14%)

10 (17.54%)

 Surgery Fallot

0

3 (10.34%)

3 (5.26%)

 Surgery CoA

2 (7.14%)

2 (6.10%)

4 (7.02%)

 Previously informed

28 (100%)

29 (100%)

57 (100%)

 Previous interventions

9 (32.14%)

6 (20.69%)

15 (26.32%)

 Cardiac catheterization

5 (17.86%)

0

5 (8.77%)

 Catheterization + surgery

4 (14.29%)

6 (20.70%)

10 (17.54%)

 Previous complications

0

1 (3.45%)

1 (1.75%)

 Time for PE (SD)

25 (4)

25 (6)

25 (5)

 STAI baseline (SD)

26 (6)

26 (6)

26 (6)

 Trait-Anxiety-Score (SD)

20 (5)

19 (5)

19.5 (5)

 Anxiety VAS baseline (SD)

6 (3)

6 (3)

6 (3)

  1. Baseline characteristics of participants, data shown as percentages or mean ± standard deviation (SD) as shown below. CHD congenital heart disease, ASD atrial septal defect, PDA patent ductus arteriosus, VSD ventricular septal defect, CoA coarctation of the aorta, PE patient education, STAI State-Trait-Anxiety Inventory, VAS Visual Analog Scale.