Table 3 Demographics and clinical characteristics of neonates (≤28 days of life) and young infants (29–60 days of life) in the three study periods.
Characteristics | 2018–2019 | 2021–2022 | 2022–2023 | p1 | p2 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Neonates/Young infants | ≤28 DOL | 29–60 DOL | ≤28 DOL | 29–60 DOL | ≤28 DOL | 29–60 DOL | ||
N | 111 | 354 | 209 | 462 | 211 | 469 | ||
Age, days [IQR] | 18 [14.1, 23.1] | 45 [30, 60] | 18.9 [15, 24] | 45 [30, 60] | 18 [12.9, 23.1] | 45 [30, 60] | 0.192 | 0.387 |
Sex | ||||||||
Female, n (%) | 60 (54.1) | 153 (43.2) | 106 (50.7) | 221 (47.8) | 77 (36.5) | 211 (45.0) | 0.002 | 0.405 |
Male, n (%) | 51 (45.9) | 201 (56.8) | 103 (49.3) | 241 (52.2) | 134 (63.5) | 258 (55.0) | ||
Gestational age, weeks (SD) | 38.80 (1.57) | 38.52 (2.01) | 38.95 (1.48) | 38.54 (1.77) | 38.76 (1.44) | 38.62 (1.73) | 0.484 | 0.747 |
Weight, grams (SD) | 3258.53 (495.11) | 3159.98 (550.43) | 3345.03 (434.56) | 3199.19 (526.79) | 3239.70 (442.47) | 3178.66 (499.63) | 0.073 | 0.628 |
Preterm birth (<37 wks), n (%) | 6 (7.4) | 38 (13.2) | 13 (7.2) | 38 (10.4) | 10 (6.1) | 34 (10.1) | 0.901 | 0.402 |
Number of siblings, n [IQR] | 1 [0.25, 1.00] | 1 [0.00, 1.00] | 1 [1.00, 2.00] | 1 [1.00, 1.00] | 1 [1.00, 1.00] | 1 [0.00, 1.00] | 0.069 | 0.093 |
Breastfeeding, n (%) | 74 (77.9) | 240 (80.8) | 170 (84.6) | 310 (74.9) | 140 (80.5) | 303 (81.9) | 0.331 | 0.036 |
Radiologically confirmed pneumonia | ||||||||
Yes, n (%) | 26 (23.4) | 68 (19.2) | 40 (19.1) | 74 (16.0) | 28 (13.3) | 58 (12.8) | 0.036 | <0.001 |
No, n (%) | 32 (28.8) | 117 (33.1) | 76 (36.4) | 140 (30.3) | 62 (29.4) | 92 (20.3) | ||
Rx not performed, n (%) | 53 (47.7) | 169 (47.7) | 93 (44.5) | 248 (53.7) | 121 (57.3) | 303 (66.9) | ||
Antibiotic therapy, n (%) | 55 (49.5) | 160 (45.2) | 69 (33.0) | 159 (34.5) | 73 (34.6) | 144 (30.7) | 0.009 | <0.001 |
Corticosteroid therapy, n (%) | 21 (18.9) | 97 (27.5) | 32 (15.3) | 165 (35.8) | 37 (17.5) | 166 (35.4) | 0.685 | 0.022 |
Discharge ward | ||||||||
Emergency unit - n (%) | 1 (0.9) | 11 (3.1) | 1 (0.5) | 9 (1.9) | 0 (0.0) | 11 (2.3) | 0.568 | 0.176 |
Neonatal care unit - n (%) | 56 (50.5) | 50 (14.1) | 117 (56.0) | 55 (11.9) | 121 (57.3) | 80 (17.1) | ||
Pediatric - n (%) | 54 (48.6) | 293 (82.8) | 91 (43.5) | 398 (86.1) | 90 (42.7) | 378 (80.6) | ||
Death - n (%) | 0 | 1 (0.3) | 0 | 1 (0.2) | 0 | 0 (0.0) | 0 | 0.56 |
