Table 2 Comparisons of lung function from young to mid-adulthood between BPD-VLBW and control participants and between non-BPD-VLBW and control participants.

From: Lung function in adults born with very low birth weight from young to mid-adulthood

 

1. BPD-VLBW

2. non-BPD-VLBW

3. Term (reference)

BPD-VLBW vs. term

non-BPD-VLBW vs. term

Young adulthood study (n)

32

166

225

  

Age (years)

21.4 (2.5)

21.6 (2.5)

21.4 (2.6)

Mid-adulthood study (n)

20

95

142

Age (years)

36.3 (3.2)

36.1 (3.4)

35.8 (3.3)

Absolute values

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean difference (95% CI)a

p-value for age interactionb

Mean difference (95% CI)a

p-value for age interaction

FVC young adulthood (l)

3.86 (0.88)

4.34 (1.03)

4.62 (1.01)

−0.67 (−0.92 to −0.42)

 

−0.31 (−0.45 to −0.17)

 

FVC mid-adulthood (l)

3.59(1.01)

4.37 (1.07)

4.76 (1.04)

−1.01 (−1.30 to −0.73)

0.005

−0.34 (−0.50 to −0.18)

0.63

FEV1 young adulthood (l)

3.16 (0.86)

3.72 (0.80)

4.08 (0.85)

−0.90 (−1.12 to −0.69)

 

−0.40 (−0.52 to −0.29)

 

FEV1 mid-adulthood (l)

2.58 (0.82)

3.28 (0.77)

3.68 (0.76)

−0.99 (−1.22 to −0.75)

0.11

−0.36 (−0.49 to −0.22)

0.97

FEV1/FVC young adulthood (l)

81.49 (10.76)

86.64 (8.76)

88.97 (7.0)

−8.76 (−11.49 to −6.04)

 

−2.68 (−4.14 to −1.22)

 

FEV1/FEVC mid-adulthood (%)

71.95 (8.70)

75.89 (7.60)

77.80 (5.51)

−5.96 (−8.77 to −3.15)

0.51

−1.93 (−3.52 to −0.34)

0.95

FEF25–75% young adulthoodc

3.40 (1.42)

4.33 (1.29)

4.85 (1.26)

−1.49 (−1.96 to −1.01)

 

−0.52 (−0.79 to −0.25)

 

FEF25–75% mid-adulthood

2.01 (0.88)

2.82 (0.89)

3.32 (0.83)

−1.22 (−1.58 to −0.85)

0.69

−0.48 (−0.68 to −0.27)

0.95

FEF75% young adulthoodc

1.83 (0.90)

2.49 (0.92)

2.80 (0.88)

−1.00 (−1.35 to −0.67)

 

−0.32 (−0.52 to −0.11)

 

FEF75% mid-adulthood

0.76 (0.37)

1.26 (0.51)

1.53 (0.50)

−0.70 (−0.91 to −0.48)

0.17

−0.25 (−0.37 to −0.13)

0.60

z-scores

FVC young adulthood

−0.75 (1.07)

−0.31 (1.20)

−0.25 (1.04)

−0.41 (−0.81 to −0.02)

 

−0.04 (−0.27 to 0.18)

 

FVC mid-adulthood

−1.10 (1.14)

−0.08 (1.15)

0.09 (0.91)

−1.04 (−1.48 to −0.61)

0.001

−0.12 (−0.38 to 0.13)

0.56

FEV1 young adulthood

−1.17 (1.36)

−0.27 (1.32)

0.04 (1.11)

−1.23 (−1.67 to −0.80)

 

−0.34 (−0.58 to −0.10)

 

FEV1 mid-adulthood

−1.94 (1.26)

−0.70 (1.19)

−0.33 (0.91)

−1.49 (−1.94 to −1.04)

0.025

−0.34 −0.60 to −0.08)

0.64

FEV1/FVC young adulthood

-0.66 (1.48)

0.13 (1.37)

0.49 (1.16)

−1.35 (−1.78 to −0.93)

 

−0.44 (−0.68 to −0.21)

 

FEV1/FEVC mid-adulthood

−1.52 (1.03)

−0.99 (1.03)

−0.70 (0.80)

−0.84 (−1.23 to −0.44)

0.34

−0.30 (−0.53 to −0.07)

0.91

FEF25–75% young adulthoodc

−1.02 (1.45)

−0.01 (1.26)

0.33 (1.10)

−1.32 (−1.79 to −0.86)

 

−0.33 (−0.60 to −0.06)

 

FEF25–75% mid-adulthood

−2.01 (1.28)

−1.05 (0.98)

−0.63 (0.81)

−1.34 (−1.76 to −0.92)

0.57

−0.41 (−0.64 to −0.19)

0.39

FEF75% young adulthoodc

−0.49 (1.20)

0.47 (1.11)

0.69 (0.97)

−1.15 (−1.56 to −0.75)

 

−0.22 (−0.46 to 0.02)

 

FEF75% mid-adulthood

−1.64 (1.22)

−0.55 (0.91)

−0.18 (0.76)

−1.41 (−1.81 to −1.01)

0.45

−0.36 (−0.57 to −0.15)

0.22

  1. BPD bronchopulmonary dysplasia, CI confidence interval, FVC forced vital capacity, FEV1 forced expiratory volume in 1s, FEV1/FVC ratio of the forced expiratory volume in the first 1s to the forced vital capacity, FEF25–75%, forced expiratory flow at 25–75%, FEF75%, forced expiratory flow when 75% of FVC has been exhaled, VLBW Very low birth weight, SD standard deviation.
  2. aLinear regressions adjusted for cohort, age and sex.
  3. bp-value for age interaction by mixed models.
  4. cData available only for Helsinki Study of Very Low Birth Weight adults (HeSVA) participants.
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