Table 2 Relative variance components of additive genetic, shared environmental, and unique environmental factors of anthropometric traits by sex.
From: Genetic regulation of body size and morphology from adolescence to early adulthood
Males | Females | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Additive genetic factors | Shared environmental factors | Unique environmental factors | Additive genetic factors | Shared environmental factors | Unique environmental factors | |||||||||||||
a2 | 95% CI | c2 | 95% CI | e2 | 95% CI | a2 | 95% CI | c2 | 95% CI | e2 | 95% CI | |||||||
LL | UL | LL | UL | LL | UL | LL | UL | LL | UL | LL | UL | |||||||
Initial assessment | ||||||||||||||||||
Height | 0.78 | 0.57 | 0.94 | 0.15 | 0.00 | 0.36 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.09 | 0.71 | 0.54 | 0.93 | 0.22 | 0.00 | 0.40 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.08 |
Sitting height | 0.75 | 0.52 | 0.88 | 0.11 | 0.00 | 0.34 | 0.14 | 0.11 | 0.17 | 0.67 | 0.49 | 0.90 | 0.23 | 0.00 | 0.42 | 0.10 | 0.08 | 0.12 |
Knee height | 0.81 | 0.60 | 0.94 | 0.11 | 0.00 | 0.32 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.09 | 0.73 | 0.53 | 0.91 | 0.17 | 0.00 | 0.37 | 0.10 | 0.08 | 0.12 |
Buttock-knee length | 0.39 | 0.22 | 0.61 | 0.44 | 0.22 | 0.60 | 0.17 | 0.14 | 0.21 | 0.73 | 0.53 | 0.89 | 0.14 | 0.00 | 0.34 | 0.13 | 0.10 | 0.16 |
Foot length left | 0.82 | 0.60 | 0.92 | 0.08 | 0.00 | 0.30 | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.12 | 0.66 | 0.47 | 0.89 | 0.23 | 0.00 | 0.42 | 0.11 | 0.09 | 0.14 |
Foot length right | 0.83 | 0.61 | 0.93 | 0.09 | 0.00 | 0.31 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.10 | 0.64 | 0.45 | 0.88 | 0.23 | 0.00 | 0.42 | 0.13 | 0.10 | 0.16 |
Head circ | 0.49 | 0.30 | 0.74 | 0.35 | 0.09 | 0.53 | 0.17 | 0.14 | 0.21 | 0.84 | 0.61 | 0.88 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.24 | 0.15 | 0.12 | 0.18 |
Head breadth | 0.73 | 0.49 | 0.84 | 0.08 | 0.00 | 0.31 | 0.20 | 0.16 | 0.24 | 0.73 | 0.53 | 0.89 | 0.14 | 0.00 | 0.33 | 0.13 | 0.11 | 0.17 |
Head length 1 | 0.58 | 0.34 | 0.80 | 0.19 | 0.00 | 0.41 | 0.24 | 0.19 | 0.29 | 0.67 | 0.43 | 0.81 | 0.11 | 0.00 | 0.34 | 0.23 | 0.18 | 0.28 |
Head length 2 | 0.53 | 0.31 | 0.81 | 0.26 | 0.00 | 0.48 | 0.21 | 0.17 | 0.25 | 0.48 | 0.29 | 0.71 | 0.34 | 0.12 | 0.52 | 0.18 | 0.15 | 0.23 |
Face height | 0.30 | 0.07 | 0.62 | 0.37 | 0.03 | 0.61 | 0.34 | 0.28 | 0.40 | 0.41 | 0.10 | 0.65 | 0.17 | 0.00 | 0.45 | 0.42 | 0.35 | 0.50 |
Weight | 0.79 | 0.59 | 0.92 | 0.12 | 0.00 | 0.32 | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.11 | 0.78 | 0.59 | 0.93 | 0.14 | 0.00 | 0.33 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.10 |
BMI | 0.79 | 0.59 | 0.92 | 0.12 | 0.00 | 0.32 | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.11 | 0.82 | 0.63 | 0.93 | 0.10 | 0.00 | 0.29 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.10 |
Arm circ | 0.76 | 0.55 | 0.90 | 0.11 | 0.00 | 0.32 | 0.12 | 0.10 | 0.15 | 0.83 | 0.62 | 0.92 | 0.07 | 0.00 | 0.28 | 0.10 | 0.08 | 0.12 |
Waist circ. relax | 0.55 | 0.36 | 0.78 | 0.30 | 0.07 | 0.48 | 0.15 | 0.12 | 0.19 | 0.65 | 0.45 | 0.86 | 0.19 | 0.00 | 0.39 | 0.15 | 0.12 | 0.19 |
Waist circ. sucking | 0.68 | 0.47 | 0.87 | 0.17 | 0.00 | 0.38 | 0.15 | 0.12 | 0.19 | 0.68 | 0.48 | 0.88 | 0.18 | 0.00 | 0.38 | 0.14 | 0.11 | 0.17 |
Follow-up assessment | ||||||||||||||||||
Height | 0.65 | 0.44 | 0.90 | 0.24 | 0.00 | 0.46 | 0.11 | 0.09 | 0.14 | 0.78 | 0.54 | 0.95 | 0.17 | 0.00 | 0.41 | 0.06 | 0.04 | 0.07 |
Sitting height | 0.67 | 0.44 | 0.88 | 0.18 | 0.00 | 0.41 | 0.15 | 0.12 | 0.19 | 0.87 | 0.83 | 0.90 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.19 | 0.13 | 0.10 | 0.17 |
Knee height | 0.62 | 0.41 | 0.88 | 0.24 | 0.00 | 0.45 | 0.13 | 0.11 | 0.17 | 0.70 | 0.41 | 0.85 | 0.11 | 0.00 | 0.39 | 0.19 | 0.15 | 0.25 |
Buttock-knee length | 0.46 | 0.26 | 0.71 | 0.37 | 0.12 | 0.56 | 0.17 | 0.14 | 0.22 | 0.63 | 0.35 | 0.84 | 0.18 | 0.00 | 0.45 | 0.19 | 0.15 | 0.25 |
Foot length left | 0.69 | 0.45 | 0.86 | 0.14 | 0.00 | 0.38 | 0.17 | 0.13 | 0.21 | 0.90 | 0.87 | 0.92 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.19 | 0.10 | 0.08 | 0.13 |
Foot length right | 0.67 | 0.44 | 0.87 | 0.17 | 0.00 | 0.40 | 0.16 | 0.13 | 0.20 | 0.88 | 0.85 | 0.91 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.27 | 0.12 | 0.09 | 0.15 |
Head circ | 0.57 | 0.35 | 0.84 | 0.25 | 0.00 | 0.47 | 0.18 | 0.14 | 0.22 | 0.85 | 0.80 | 0.88 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.27 | 0.15 | 0.12 | 0.20 |
Head breadth | 0.67 | 0.44 | 0.85 | 0.15 | 0.00 | 0.38 | 0.18 | 0.14 | 0.22 | 0.84 | 0.79 | 0.88 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.24 | 0.16 | 0.12 | 0.21 |
Head length 1 | 0.43 | 0.21 | 0.72 | 0.35 | 0.06 | 0.56 | 0.22 | 0.18 | 0.27 | 0.44 | 0.13 | 0.73 | 0.23 | 0.00 | 0.50 | 0.33 | 0.26 | 0.42 |
Head length 2 | 0.37 | 0.17 | 0.63 | 0.43 | 0.17 | 0.62 | 0.20 | 0.16 | 0.25 | 0.54 | 0.22 | 0.73 | 0.12 | 0.00 | 0.41 | 0.34 | 0.27 | 0.43 |
Face height | 0.21 | 0.00 | 0.53 | 0.42 | 0.11 | 0.64 | 0.37 | 0.30 | 0.46 | 0.65 | 0.29 | 0.73 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.35 | 0.34 | 0.27 | 0.43 |
Shoulder breadth | 0.27 | 0.10 | 0.48 | 0.55 | 0.34 | 0.70 | 0.19 | 0.15 | 0.24 | 0.23 | 0.09 | 0.41 | 0.63 | 0.45 | 0.77 | 0.14 | 0.11 | 0.18 |
Wrist breadth | 0.64 | 0.38 | 0.82 | 0.14 | 0.00 | 0.38 | 0.22 | 0.18 | 0.28 | 0.61 | 0.31 | 0.82 | 0.17 | 0.00 | 0.46 | 0.22 | 0.17 | 0.28 |
Weight | 0.71 | 0.50 | 0.91 | 0.19 | 0.00 | 0.40 | 0.10 | 0.08 | 0.12 | 0.71 | 0.47 | 0.91 | 0.18 | 0.00 | 0.42 | 0.11 | 0.09 | 0.15 |
BMI | 0.77 | 0.55 | 0.91 | 0.12 | 0.00 | 0.34 | 0.11 | 0.09 | 0.14 | 0.62 | 0.40 | 0.89 | 0.26 | 0.00 | 0.48 | 0.12 | 0.09 | 0.16 |
Arm circ | 0.79 | 0.56 | 0.91 | 0.10 | 0.00 | 0.33 | 0.12 | 0.09 | 0.15 | 0.67 | 0.39 | 0.83 | 0.11 | 0.00 | 0.38 | 0.22 | 0.17 | 0.29 |
Hip breadth | 0.59 | 0.40 | 0.84 | 0.31 | 0.06 | 0.50 | 0.11 | 0.08 | 0.13 | 0.48 | 0.27 | 0.78 | 0.36 | 0.07 | 0.57 | 0.16 | 0.12 | 0.21 |
Waist circ. relax | 0.61 | 0.39 | 0.85 | 0.22 | 0.00 | 0.44 | 0.18 | 0.14 | 0.22 | 0.83 | 0.78 | 0.87 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.27 | 0.17 | 0.13 | 0.22 |
Waist circ. sucking | 0.49 | 0.27 | 0.77 | 0.31 | 0.06 | 0.52 | 0.20 | 0.16 | 0.26 | 0.45 | 0.21 | 0.77 | 0.35 | 0.03 | 0.58 | 0.20 | 0.16 | 0.26 |
Biceps skinfold | 0.57 | 0.36 | 0.84 | 0.26 | 0.00 | 0.46 | 0.17 | 0.13 | 0.21 | 0.15 | 0.00 | 0.41 | 0.60 | 0.35 | 0.76 | 0.25 | 0.19 | 0.32 |
Triceps skinfold | 0.42 | 0.23 | 0.67 | 0.40 | 0.16 | 0.58 | 0.18 | 0.14 | 0.22 | 0.24 | 0.00 | 0.54 | 0.47 | 0.19 | 0.68 | 0.30 | 0.23 | 0.38 |