Table 1 Patient characteristics by enteral nutrition type.
From: Donor human milk and structural brain development in very preterm infants
Total (n = 152) | MOM (n = 67) | DHM (n = 44) | PTF(n = 41) | p* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Maternal age | 28 (6) | 29 (7) | 29 (6) | 27 (6) | 0.14 |
Social Vulnerability Index, median (IQR) | 0.7 (0.4, 0.9) | 0.6 (0.4, 0.8) | 0.7 (0.4, 0.9) | 0.8 (0.5, 0.9) | 0.37 |
Distance from hospital (miles), median (IQR) | 12 (6, 32) | 16 (7, 35) | 15 (6, 46) | 9 (6, 14) | 0.63 |
Infant Race/Ethnicity, n (%) | 0.14 | ||||
Asian | 20 (13) | 10 (15) | 8 (18) | 2 (5) | |
Black or African American | 80 (53) | 28 (42) | 23 (52) | 29 (71) | |
Hispanic or Latino | 19 (12) | 12 (18) | 4 (9) | 3 (7) | |
Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 6 (4) | 3 (4) | 2 (5) | 1 (2) | |
White | 14 (9) | 7 (10) | 2 (5) | 5 (12) | |
Other/Unknown | 13 (9) | 7 (10) | 5 (11) | 1 (2) | |
Antenatal corticosteroids, n (%) | 82 (54) | 40 (60) | 22 (50) | 20 (49) | 0.45 |
Male sex, n (%) | 62 (41) | 30 (45) | 18 (41) | 14 (34) | 0.56 |
Birth gestational age (weeks), mean (SD) | 27.6 (2.5) | 27.9 (2.4) | 26.8 (2.2) | 27.9 (2.7) | 0.71 |
Discharge PMA (weeks), median (IQR) | 39.1 (37, 41.4) | 39 (36.9, 41.8) | 39.5 (37, 40.6) | 39.1 (37.4, 42.1) | 0.79 |
Surgical necrotizing enterocolitis or SIP, n (%) | 17 (11) | 8 (12) | 4 (9) | 5 (12) | 0.90 |
Systemic Steroids, n (%) | 55 (36) | 18 (27) | 21 (48) | 16 (39) | 0.07 |
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia, n (%) | 75 (49) | 31 (46) | 22 (50) | 22 (54) | 0.75 |
Infection, n (%) | 93 (61) | 36 (54) | 28 (64) | 29 (71) | 0.20 |
Retinopathy of Prematurity ≥ Stage 2, n (%) | 45 (30) | 17 (25) | 13 (30) | 15 (37) | 0.46 |
Patent Ductus Arteriosus, n (%) | 66 (43) | 24 (36) | 20 (45) | 22 (54) | 0.18 |
IVH, n (%) | 46 (30) | 24 (36) | 19 (43) | 13 (32) | 0.87 |
Grade I | 15 (10) | 12 (18) | 9 (20) | 4 (10) | |
Grade II | 31 (20) | 12 (18) | 10 (23) | 9 (22) | |
Brain MRI PMA (weeks), mean (SD) | 40 (2) | 40.1 (1.9) | 39.6 (1.9) | 40.2 (2.2) | 0.88 |
White matter injury score,# median (IQR) | 0 (0, 1) | 0 (0, 1) | 0 (0, 1) | 0 (0,0) | 0.46 |
Growth & Nutrition | |||||
Birth weight (grams), mean (SD) | 976 (326) | 1033 (324) | 899 (303) | 966 (340) | 0.20 |
Birth weight z-score, mean (SD) | –0.27 (0.91) | –0.24 (0.96) | –0.27 (0.80) | –0.33 (0.97) | 0.88 |
Growth faltering, n (%) | 94 (62) | 40 (60) | 32 (73) | 22 (54) | 0.17 |
Parenteral nutrition days, median (IQR) | 20 (9, 39) | 18 (10, 39) | 25 (9, 38) | 21 (11, 39) | 0.52 |
Total nutrition days, mean (SD) | 74 (26) | 71 (24) | 76 (25) | 75 (28) | 0.31 |
Percent enteral intake, median (IQR) | |||||
% MOM | 23 (3, 98) | 100 (84, 100) | 1 (0, 11) | 5 (0, 16) | <0.001 |
% DHM | 0 (0, 56) | 0 (0, 0) | 67 (59, 83) | 0 (0, 14) | <0.001 |
% PTF | 23 (0, 51) | 0 (0, 13) | 28 (9, 37) | 91 (62, 99) | <0.001 |
