Table 3 Respiratory support and associated outcomes before and after intervention.

Respiratory support

CPAP days^a

10 (5–19)

27 (10–39)

p < 0.0001

Oxygen days^a

26 (4–70)

15 (4–42)

p = 0.03

Mechanical ventilation days^a

1 (0–5)

0 (0–3)

<0.001

Non-invasive ventilation days^a

0 (0–7)

0 (0–7)

p = 0.53

Outcomes

Survival without BPD

199 (59.4)

294 (74.2)

1.86 (1.25–2.76), 0.01

Mortality < 36–week PMA

35 (10)

35 (9)

1.47 (0.77–2.80), 0.24

BPD

67 (25.2)

22 (6.9)

0.12 (0.06–0.26), <0.001

Infants 22–25 weeks

n = 92

n = 89

Respiratory support

CPAP days^a

18 (11–30)

43 (33–50)

p < 0.0001

Oxygen days^a

100 (77–120)

76 (54–102)

p = 0.02

Mechanical ventilation days^a

33 (18–52)

25 (11–36)

0.02

Non-invasive ventilation days^a

28 (15–41)

16 (6–25)

p = 0.007

Outcomes

Survival without BPD

13 (14)

41 (46)

6.44 (2.59–16.0), <0.001

Mortality ≤ 36–week PMA

29 (32)

21 (24)

0.52 (0.16–1.71), 0.96

BPD

37 (74)

10 (19)

0.02 (0.01–0.11), <0.001

Infants 26–29 weeks

n = 125

n = 170

Respiratory support

CPAP days^a

9 (4–16)

28 (14–38)

p < 0.0001

Oxygen days^a

19 (4–39)

14 (4–29)

p = 0.17

Mechanical ventilation days^a

1 (1–3)

0 (0–2)

0.001

Non-invasive ventilation days^a

0 (0–5)

0 (0–3)

p = 0.1

Outcomes

Survival without BPD

84 (67)

128 (75)

1.39 (0.71–2.73), 0.34

Mortality ≤ 36–week PMA

5 (4)

14 (8)

3.19 (0.86–11.8), 0.08

BPD

24 (22)

11 (8)

0.17 (0.05–0.53), 0.002

Infants 30–34 weeks

n = 118

n = 137

Respiratory support

CPAP days^a

5 (2–10)

8 (4–12)

p = 0.26

Oxygen days^a

2 (1–7)

3 (2–6)

p = 0.76

Mechanical ventilation days^a

0 (0–0)

0 (0–0)

0.004

Non-invasive ventilation days^a

0 (0–0)

0 (0–0)

p = 0.5

Outcomes

Survival without BPD

102 (86)

125 (91)

1.26 (0.49–3.22), 0.63

Mortality ≤ 36–week PMA

1 (1)

0 (0)

n/a

BPD

6 (5)

1 (1)

0.18 (0.02–1.83), 0.15