Fig. 5: Baricitinib alleviated lung inflammation in the rat model of BPD.

a–b Recombinant human GM-CSF promoted IL-8 production by CD14+ cells purified from neonatal peripheral blood. c Baricitinib reduced IL-8 production by CD14+ cells (purified from neonatal peripheral blood). d Schematic outlining the experiments of the animal hyperoxia lung injury model. e Daily weight change among the different experimental groups. f Images of lung hematoxylin and eosin staining of different groups. g Immunohistochemistry of MPO and F4/80 in lung tissue of neonatal rats from different groups. h–i Comparisons of MPO-positive areas (h) and F4/80-positive areas (i) among different groups. The paired t-test was used for the analysis shown in (b). The Kruskal–Wallis test was used for the analysis shown in (c, h, i). Two-way ANOVA was used for the analysis shown in (e). P < 0.05 indicates statistical significance.