Table 4 Results of two-level models testing the moderation effect of individual and contextual factors on the associations between each factor of COVID-19 media messages and PHBs at both the between- and within-person levels (Fixed effects only).
Predictors | Model 3a Moderations for Feeling Informed | Model 3b Moderations for Feeling Connected | Model 3c Moderations for Negative Impression of Public Health Measures | Model 3 d Moderations for Feeling Afraid |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Estimate (95% CI) | Estimate (95% CI) | Estimate (95% CI) | Estimate (95% CI) | |
Fixed Effects | ||||
Time | −0.03 (−0.04, −0.02) | −0.03 (−0.04, −0.02) | −0.03 (−0.04, −0.02) | −0.03 (−0.04, −0.02) |
Baseline Age | 0.02 (−0.08, 0.12) | 0.02 (−0.08, 0.11) | 0.03 (−0.06, 0.11) | 0.01 (−0.09, 0.10) |
Boy | −0.30 (−0.58, −0.01) | −0.27 (−0.56, 0.01) | −0.22 (−0.51, 0.08) | −0.25 (−0.55, 0.05) |
Race/Ethnicity: White | −0.37 (−0.71, −0.04) | −0.37 (−0.70, −0.03) | −0.37 (−0.69, −0.05) | −0.33 (−0.68, 0.02) |
Race/Ethnicity: Asian | −0.12 (−0.76, 0.52) | −0.02 (−0.80, 0.76) | −0.18 (−0.66, 0.30) | −0.21 (−0.73, 0.31) |
Socioeconomic Status (SES) | −0.21 (−0.39, −0.03) | −0.24 (−0.42, −0.07) | −0.12 (−0.31, 0.08) | −0.23 (−0.41, −0.05) |
COVID-19 Vaccine | −0.17 (−0.34, −0.00) | −0.17 (−0.34, −0.00) | −0.20 (−0.37, −0.03) | −0.17 (−0.33, −0.01) |
COVID-19 Testing | 0.11 (−0.05, 0.27) | 0.10 (−0.06, 0.26) | 0.10 (−0.05, 0.26) | 0.09 (−0.07, 0.26) |
COVID-19 Symptoms | −0.04 (−0.13, 0.04) | −0.05 (−0.13, 0.04) | −0.05 (−0.13, 0.04) | −0.04 (−0.13, 0.04) |
Republican Tendency | −0.46 (−0.88, −0.04) | −0.63 (−1.04, −0.22) | −0.58 (−1.01, −0.16) | −0.63 (−1.05, −0.21) |
County-level Mortality Rate (Log) | 0.08 (−0.01, 0.17) | 0.09 (−0.01, 0.18) | 0.09 (−0.01, 0.18) | 0.09 (−0.00, 0.18) |
County-level Infection Rate (Log) | 0.01 (−0.05, 0.07) | 0.01 (−0.05, 0.07) | 0.02 (−0.05, 0.08) | 0.01 (−0.05, 0.07) |
Perceptions of Media Messages_BP | 0.60 (0.36, 0.83) | 0.32 (0.08, 0.55) | −0.28 (−0.42, −0.14) | 0.25 (0.09, 0.42) |
Perceptions of Media Messages_WP | 0.07 (0.00, 0.14) | 0.03 (−0.03, 0.09) | 0.02 (−0.03, 0.08) | 0.05 (0.00, 0.11) |
Baseline Age x Perceptions of Media Messages_BP | — | — | −0.12 (−0.21, −0.04) | 0.09 (0.00, 0.18) |
White x Perceptions of Media Messages_BP | −0.46 (−0.92, 0.01) | −0.65 (−0.99, −0.32) | — | — |
Asian x Perceptions of Media Messages_BP | −1.01 (−1.72, −0.30) | −0.76 (−1.57, 0.06) | — | — |
SES x Perceptions of Media Messages_WP | — | — | 0.06 (−0.00, 0.13) | — |
Perceptions of Media Messages_BP x Perceptions of Media Messages_WP | — | −0.07 (−0.13, −0.01) | −0.07 (−0.13, −0.01) | — |
