Fig. 4

The effects of pathway inhibitors on the PI3K-Akt-mTOR activation profile of primary human AML cells. Primary AML cells derived from 76 patients were incubated with either insulin alone or insulin plus a pathway inhibitor before analysis of the activation profile by flow cytometry. The results are presented as the percent alteration of the MFI for inhibitor-containing cultures compared with the MFI for cells incubated with insulin alone. The cells were incubated with human insulin (10 µg/ml) for 15 min and thereafter with the PI3K inhibitor GDC0941 (left), the Akt inhibitor MK2206 (middle) or the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin (right). The overall results were then analyzed by unsupervised hierarchical clustering. Red indicates increased phosphorylation, while blue indicates decreased phosphorylation, in the inhibitor-containing cultures compared with the controls