Fig. 3 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy

Fig. 3

From: Demystifying the manipulation of host immunity, metabolism, and extraintestinal tumors by the gut microbiome

Fig. 3

Bacterial catabolism of TRP impacts the host–microbiome interface and immune and metabolic functions. Indoles and their derivatives facilitate the release of AMP and mucin by Paneth cells and goblet cells, respectively, which helps to fortify intestinal barrier integrity. Tryptamine accelerates gastrointestinal motion by acting on the serotonin receptor on IECs. Indole also stimulates enteroendocrine L cells to produce GLP-1, thus maintaining glycometabolism homeostasis. Lactobacillus reuteri-derived ILA drives the development of CD4+CD8αα+ IELs to prevent colitis

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