Fig. 3: Identification and characterization of the subpopulation of T and innate immune cells in COVID-19 patients.
From: Single-cell immune profiling reveals distinct immune response in asymptomatic COVID-19 patients
a UMAP of T and NK cells by Seurat. Cell types were identified by the marker genes. Each circle represents an individual cell. A total of seven T cell subtypes and seven innate immune cell subtypes were identified and color-coded. b Dot plot of average expression and percentage of expressed cells of selected canonical markers in each labeled cell subtype. c Boxplot showing the proportions of cell subtypes to the number T and NK cells in each PBMC sample in different disease conditions. Boxes are colored according to disease conditions and stages of the moderate condition. The PBMC samples from moderate patients were classified into 3 stages (<10 days, 10–20 days, and >20 days) based on the days after symptom onset. Boxplots indicate the median and interquartile range (IQR); the whiskers represent 1.5 times the IQR. Each circle represents the proportion of each sample. Two-sided Kruskal–Wallis test was used for analysis, and a p value < 0.05 is considered significant. d Dot plot showing the average expression and percentage of expressed cells of selected differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between three NK subtypes and Th2-like subset. e Volcano plots of top DEGs between asymptomatic and healthy samples for CD56briCD16− (left) and CD56briCD16 + (right) NK cell subtypes. Genes with a log fold change above 1 and false discovery rate (FDR, Benjamini–Hochberg) less than 0.05 were selected. f Dot plot showing the expression of IFNG on NK and effect T cells for different disease severity and stages. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. HC healthy control. No asterisk indicates no statistical significance
