Fig. 6

Therapeutic effects of targeting UPR/ER-XBP1 signaling in TAMs. a Schematic overview of macrophage depletion in an AOM-DSS model. b Pictures of the whole colons. The arrowhead indicates macroscopic polyps. c Mean macroscopic polyp number in whole colons. d Schematic overview of the administering of anti-SIRPα antibodies during late stages of the AOM-DSS model. Mice were treated with anti-SIRPα antibodies (8 mg/kg) vs. control IgG twice/week after the third DSS cycle for 4 weeks. Colons were removed at week 13 following AOM injection. e Pictures of the whole colon. The arrowhead indicates macroscopic polyps. f Mean macroscopic polyp numbers in whole colons (n = 6 for IgG and n = 7 for anti-SIRPα Ab). g Schematic representing the generation of mice with genetically targeted and deficient XBP1 in TAMs. Mice were treated with AAV2-sgXbp1 (5 × 10¹¹/mouse, i.p.) vs. control AAV2-sgCon twice/week after the second DSS cycle for 4 weeks. Colons were removed at week 11 after AOM injection. h Pictures of the whole colon. The arrowhead indicates macroscopic polyps. i Mean macroscopic polyp number in whole colons (n = 5 for sgCon and n = 5 for sgXbp1). NS = P > 0.05, *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001. P-values were determined using t-test. j Representative photograph showing tumor formation in NOD/SCID mice injected s.c. with CRC PDX and two groups of TAMs: PDX + sgCon hiTAMs; and PDX + sgXBP1 hiTAMs. k Tumor volumes and tumor weights were resected and measured 3 weeks later. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001; Mann–Whitney U-test