Fig. 3

Therapeutic strategies targeting myeloid cells in COVID-19. Targeting GM-CSF blocks the differentiation of myeloid cells into neutrophils. Using chemokine antibodies could block the recruitment of monocytes and neutrophils into the infected tissue. Treatment with tocilizumab and anti-TNF-α, which blocks IL-6 and TNF-α secretion by monocytes, can restore T-cell function. Antibodies targeting checkpoints such as ADAM10, GPR84, and TNFR2, which are highly expressed on neutrophils, can inhibit the function of neutrophils. Targeting NETs is a therapeutic intervention for neutrophils in COVID-19