Fig. 1: Circulating variants and most common amino acid changes in SARS-CoV-2 S protein.

a VOC and VOI count. The VOC and VOI count data were obtained from outbreak.org (https://outbreak.info/situation-reports?name) up to July 19th, 2021. VOCs and VOIs were classified by the WHO. b The percentage of the top 12 amino acid changes in S protein. These data were sourced from COVIDCG.org (https://covidcg.org/?tab=home&undefined=All&selectedGene=S&residueCoordinates=319,541&startDate=2019-12-15&undefined=All) up to July 19th, 2021. c The amino acid changes introduced in this study. The most common amino acid changes except for L452R and T478K are indicated. (d) The illustration of the VOCs and VOIs. Delta was used as the template on which to add mutations. L452R and T478K located in the RBD of B.1.617.2 were not included in the additional mutagenesis. S spike, SARS-CoV-2 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, VOC variant of concern, VOI variant of interest, WHO World Health Organization, COVID coronavirus disease