Fig. 3

Assessment of Ki67 expression with flow cytometry. a–d Numbers indicate MFI of Ki67 expression at different subgroup in different groups. The expression of ki67 on the different subsets was calculated as MFI = positive staining (MFI)-isotype control (MFI). e Representative histograms showing differential expression of ki67 between DHA and CMC group in different CD3+CD4+ T cell subsets. f Representative histograms showing differential expression of ki67 between DHA and CMC group in different CD3+CD4+ T cell subsets (n = 6). Plot shows the increased expression of ki67 in the naïve CD4+ T cells (n = 6). A subset of effector memory T cells re-expresses CD45RA (termed TEMRA). DHA=dihydroartemisinin group, CMC=CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) solvent solution control group; MFI=mean fluorescence intensities. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001