Fig. 1 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy

Fig. 1

From: A new insight for stem cell therapy: apoptotic stem cells as a key player

Fig. 1The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

Apoptosis is necessary for immunomodulatory functions of MSCs therapy. After MSC injection, apoptotic MSCs were found in the lung. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) engulf the apoptotic cells and release cytokines to exert immune effects, reducing inflammation. In the liver, dead MSCs (DMSCs) release cytokines, of which, the released phosphatidylserine (PS) recruits monocyte-derived macrophages (MoMF) to release IL-10, acting on natural killer cells and neutrophils to exert an immune effect. Created with BioRender.com

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