Table 5 Combination strategies with oncolytic virotherapy in preclinical research works

From: Oncolytic virotherapy: basic principles, recent advances and future directions

Combined therapeutic agents

OVs

Tumor types

Ref.

ICIs

 PD-1 monoclonal antibody

VG161

PDAC

270

 Anti-PD-L1

CF-33

CC

271

 PD-1 Blockade

GLV-1h68

STS

381

 Anti-PD-1 antibody

WR.TK-HPGD+

RCC

382

 CTLA-4 blockade

NDV

MEL

383

 CTLA-4 antibody

G47Δ

ESCC

274

 TIGIT blockade

OVH-aMPD-1

CC; HCC

275

 TIM-3 antibody

vvDD

Lung cancer

276

 LAG-3 blockade

VV-scfv-TIGIT

CC

277

Targeted drugs

 Ruxolitinib

VSV-IFNβ

NSCLC

278

VSV-Δ51; HSV-1-dICP0

MEL

279

 TPCA-1

VSV

Glioma

280

 Bortezomib

HSV-1 (34.5ENVE)

OHNC; GBM

281,287

 BKM120

G47Δ

PC

282

 MEKi

T-VEC

MEL

283

 A8301

HSV1617

RMS

284

 IDO inhibitor

JD0G

GBM

285

 Rituximab

Reovirus

CLL

286

 3TSR

NDV

EOC

289

 Axitinib

G47Δ-mIL12

GBM

290

 Sorafenib

JX-594

HCC

292

 Sunitinib

Reovirus

RCC

293

 Bevacizumab

hrR3

STAD

239

G47Δ-mAngio

Glioma

240

RAMBO

Glioma

241

HF10

BRCA

294

 MS-275

VSV

MEL

384

 Trametinib

HSV-1

Glioma

385

 PLX4720

Reolysin®

MEL

386

 Alisertib

MV

Lung cancer

387

 Cetuximab

C-REV

CC

388

 Olaparib

dl922-947

ATC

389

ACT therapies

 CAR-T and iNKT

rTTVΔTK-IL-21

Solid tumors

297

 CD19 CAR-T

CD19t

Solid tumors

298

 CAR-T and TCR-T

MYXV

EOC

299

 Dual-specific CAR-T

VSVm-IFNβ or reovirus

MEL; GBM

300

 HER2.CAR T cells

CAd-VECPDL1

PC

390

 CD19 CAR-T

AdC68-TMC-tCD19

solid tumors

391

 GD2.CAR-T

Ad5Δ24

NB

392

 TILs

IL-2 armed oncolytic poxvirus

CC

301

 CCR5-overexpressing NK cells

CCL5-modified oncolytic VACV

CC

302

 EGFR CAR-NK

OV-IL15C

GBM

303

 NK T cells

VSVΔM51; reovirus

EOC; BRCA

393

Chemotherapies

 Cisplatin

MYXV

EOC

394

 Paclitaxel

Rhabdovirus Maraba-MG1

TNBC

395

 Doxorubicin

CGTG-102

STS

396

 Mitomycin-C

CV A21

BLCA

397

 Gemcitabine

dl922-947

PDAC

398

 Temozolomide

NDV

GBM

399

 Cyclophosphamide

Ad-VT

BRCA

400

 Irinotecan

VV

mCRC

401

  1. NDV Newcastle disease virus, G47Δ oncolytic virus delytact, HSV-1 herpes simplex virus 1, VSV vesicular stomatitis virus, MV measles virus, MYXV myxoma virus, CD19t truncated CD19, VV vaccinia virus, PDAC pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, CC colorectal cancer, STS soft-tissue sarcomas, RCC renal cell carcinoma, MEL melanoma, STAD stomach adenocarcinoma, ESCC esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, HCC hepatocellular carcinoma, NSCLC non-small cell lung cancer, OHNC head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, GBM glioblastoma, PC prostate cancer, RMS rhabdomyosarcoma, CLL chronic lymphocytic leukemia, EOC epithelial ovarian cancer, BRCA breast cancer, ATC anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, NB neuroblastoma, TNBC triple-negative breast cancer, BLCA bladder urothelial carcinoma, mCRC metastatic colorectal cancer