Table 1 Small GTPases in human diseases

Ras

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma,²¹² colorectal cancer,²¹² non-small cell lung cancer, cholangiocarcinoma,²¹² uterine endometrial cancer,^212,541,542 neuroblastoma^219,220

KRAS ^{G12, G13, Q61}

Malignant melanoma,²¹² leukemia,²¹² lymphoma²¹²

NRAS ^{G12, G13, Q61}

Costello syndrome,²¹⁷ salivary gland cancer⁵⁴³

KRAS ^{G12, G13, Q61}

Noonan syndrome²¹⁷

KRAS, NRAS, RAF1, PTPN11, SHOC2, BRAF, MAP3K8

Neurofibromatosis²¹⁷

NF1

Rho

Burkitt lymphoma,^225,544 T-cell lymphoma,^{225,545,546,547} Kaposi’s sarcoma,⁵⁴⁸ Alzheimer’s disease,²⁰ Huntington’s disease¹⁹

RHOA1

Pulmonary hypertension,²³⁴ urothelial carcinoma,⁵⁴⁹ psoriasis,²³² epilepsy,⁵⁵⁰ prostate cancer⁵⁵¹

RAC1

Rheumatoid arthritis,²³⁶ systemic sclerosis,²³⁷ testicular cancer,⁵⁵² gastric cell carcinoma⁵⁵³

RHOA1, RAC1

Breast cancer,^554,555 non-small cell lung cancer,^556,557 squamous cell carcinoma^558,559

RAC1, CDC42

Atherosclerosis,^21,235 angina,⁵⁶⁰ myocardial infarction,⁵⁶¹ aortic aneurysm,⁵⁶² cardiac hypertrophy,^563,564 Parkinson’s disease³³⁶

RHOA1, RAC1, CDC42

Glioblastoma^565,566,567

RHOA1, RAC1, RHOG, CDC42

Melanoma,^568,569 squamous cell carcinoma⁵⁷⁰

RAC1 ^P29S

Neutrophil immunodeficiency⁵⁷¹

RAC2 ^D57N

Rab

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease⁵⁷²

RAB7 ^{L129, K157, N161, V162}

Warburg Micro syndrome⁵⁷³

RAB18

Carpenter syndrome²⁴⁵

RAB23

Griscelli syndrome²⁴⁶

RAB27A

X-Linked intellectual disability⁵⁷⁴

RAB39B

Choroideremia⁵⁷⁵

REP1

Ovarian cancer,²⁴ breast cancer,^24,576 renal cancer,^577,578 gastric cancer,⁵⁷⁹ liver cancer,⁵⁸⁰ non-small cell lung cancer,⁵⁸¹ bladder cancer,⁵⁸² glioblastoma multiforme,⁵⁸³ prostate cancer⁵⁸⁴

RAB25

Glioblastoma,⁵⁸⁵ pancreatic cancer,⁵⁸⁶ renal cell carcinoma,⁵⁸⁷ oral squamous cell carcinoma,⁵⁸⁸ breast cancer⁵⁸⁹ and gastric cancers⁵⁹⁰

RAB31

Alzheimer’s disease²³⁸

RAB1A, RAB3A, RAB5, RAB6, RAB7, RAB8, RAB10, RAB11A, RAB11B, RAB14, RAB17, RAB24, RAB27, RAB36

Cone-rod dystrophy²⁴²

RAB28

Parkinson’s disease^187,238

RAB1, RAB7, RAB11, RAB39B

Ran

Colorectal cancer,²⁵⁰ frontotemporal dementia,⁵⁹¹ glioblastoma,^592,593 Alzheimer’s disease,³⁶ breast cancer,^362,594 lung cancer^595,596

RAN

Arf

Creutzfeld-Jakob disease⁵⁹⁷

ARF1

Periventricular heterotopia,⁵⁹⁸ retinitis pigmentosa, diabetic kidney disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis⁵⁹⁹

ARF6

Gliomas²⁵⁴

ARL3

Meckel-Gruber syndrome,⁶⁰⁰ Joubert syndrome,⁶⁰⁰ nephronophthisis⁶⁰¹

ARL13B

Bardet-Biedl syndrome^259,260

ARL6

Chylomicron retention disease²⁶¹

SAR1B