Fig. 2 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy

Fig. 2

From: Metabolic reprogramming of proinflammatory macrophages by target delivered roburic acid effectively ameliorates rheumatoid arthritis symptoms

Fig. 2

RBA-NPs display targeting capability in vitro. a, b Confocal micrographs showed that DiD-NPs (red) enjoyed significantly improved cell uptake compared with free DiD in LPS + IFN-γ activated RAW264.7 cells. Scale bar = 10 μm. c Flow cytometry analysis showed that the fluorescence intensity of DiD-NPs in LPS + IFN-γ activated RAW264.7 cells was higher than that of free DiD in RAW264.7. d The expression of CD44 and folate receptors increased significantly on the surface of LPS + IFN-γ activated RAW264.7 cells (d). Scale bar = 10 μm. e LPS + IFN-γ activated macrophages were pretreated with HA or FA or both HA and FA to compete for the overexpressed CD44 or folate receptors, and cellular uptake of DiD-NPs was reduced. f Confocal micrographs showed co-localization of DiD-NPs (orange) with CD44 receptor (red) and folate receptor (green). Scale bar = 20 μm. Cell nuclei was stained with DAPI (blue). All results are shown as mean ± SD. *P < 0.05. The dose of LPS and IFN-γ was 100 ng/mL and 20 ng/mL

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