Fig. 1

Evaluation of the clinical efficacy and anti-tumour function of tandem CAR-T cells in patients with r/rDLBCL. a Duration of response and survival after receiving the tandem CAR-T cell infusion. CR complete response, NE could not be evaluated, PD progressive disease, PR partial response. b Kaplan–Meier estimates of overall survival (up) and duration of response (down). c List of grouped in all 58 r/rDLBCL patients. d The CytoTox® 96 Non-Radioactive Cytotoxicity assay was employed to assess the cytotoxicity of CAR-T cells infused into Nalm6 cells at E:T ratio of 1:10. e Cytokine production by infused CAR-T cells co-cultured with Nalm6 cells at an E:T ratio of 1:1 for 24 h was measured using Luminex assays. f After coculturing CAR T-cells with Nalm6 cells at a 1:1 E:T ratio for 1 h, the expression of CD107a was observed. g Histogram plots of IFNγ, TNFα and GZMB expressed in infused CAR-T cells stimulated with small molecule mimics of TCR signalling. d–g CR patients n = 32; PD patients n = 11. h Serum cytokines, including TNFα, IL-2 and IFNγ, were measured in all evaluable patients, and their profiles are presented in this section. Response patients n = 45; Resistant patients n = 11. PD patients are resistant patients in this study