Fig. 4

XBB vaccine booster induces high levels of broad-spectrum neutralizing antibodies against JN.1 and other omicron subvariants. a Comparison of neutralizing antibody titers against BA.2.75, BF.7, BQ.1, XBB.1.5, XBB.1.9.1, XBB.1.16, XBB.2.3, EG.5.1, BA.2.86 and JN.1 pseudoviruses in sera from individuals with or without XBB.1.5 vaccine booster in October 2023. 26 participants did not receive any COVID-19 vaccine booster for more than one year, and another 50 participants received a dose of WSK-V102D in October 2023. b Comparison of neutralization against different Omicron sublineage pseudoviruses by sera from 36 adult (18-59 group) and 14 elderly (≥60 group) participants. c Comparison of neutralization against Omicron sublineage pseudoviruses by sera from participants who received 0 ~ 3 doses (n = 20) and 4 ~ 6 doses (n = 30) of COVID-19 vaccines before receiving a WSK-V102D booster. d In parallel comparison of neutralization against distinct Omicron subvariants by 30 individual-matched serum samples collected from individuals before and 4 months after a WSK-V102D booster vaccination. Data are presented as geometric mean values ± SD in (a–d). Unpaired Student’s t-tests were performed. ****p < 0.0001, ns not significant