Fig. 10

Metformin supplementation inhibits high fructose consumption-induced T cell inflammation in vivo. C57BL/6 mice were treated with control or high fructose water for 8 weeks, and half of these mice were treated with metformin (2.5 mg/mL) during the 5th to 8th weeks (n = 5). One of two independent experiments was showed. a, b Frequencies of IFN-γ⁺CD4⁺ Th1 cells in indicated tissues of the mice. c Frequencies of IFN-γ⁺CD8⁺ Tc1 cells in indicated tissues of the mice. d, e Frequencies of IL-17A⁺CD4⁺ Th17 cells in indicated tissues of the mice. One-way ANOVA (with Tukey’s multiple-comparisons post-tests) was used to calculate statistical significance. Data are presented as mean ± SD. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001