Abstract
Study design
Cross-sectional psychometric study.
Objectives
The University of Washington Self-Efficacy Scale (UW-SES) is a measure of self-efficacy regarding managing challenges related to multiple sclerosis or spinal cord injury (SCI) that can be used across disabling conditions. The objective of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of its short form, the UW-SES-6, using the Rasch model.
Setting
Community, The Netherlands.
Methods
Secondary analysis of data from the ALLRISC study. Participants were 261 individuals with a time since onset of SCI (TSI) for at least 10 years, 18–35 at the onset of SCI, and used a wheelchair in everyday life. Rasch analyses were conducted to examine stochastic ordering (fit), unidimensionality, local dependency, reliability, response scale structure, targeting, and item bias.
Results
Median age was 47.8 years (Inter-Quartile Range (IQR) 41.9–55), median TSI was 22 years (IQR 16.8–30.3), 73.6% were male, 90.4% had a traumatic SCI, 39.8% had tetraplegia, and 81.6% had motor complete SCI. After merging the middle three response categories of item 4, the UW-SES-6 showed satisfactory item fit without local dependence. The PSI was high (0.87). Comparison of the person and item threshold distributions showed satisfactory targeting of the UW-SES-6 to the study group. No differential item functioning was seen with respect to sex, age, level of education, level and completeness of lesion, and TSI.
Conclusions
This study showed the UW-SES-6 to be a scale with sound psychometric properties that can be used as a quick and easy self-report measure of self-efficacy in people with SCI.
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Acknowledgments
We thank all ALLRISC research assistants and SCI rehabilitation physicians for collecting all the data and the following participating Dutch rehabilitation centers: Rehabilitation Center De Hoogstraat (Utrecht), Reade Center for Rehabilitation (Amsterdam); Rehabilitation Center Het Roessingh (Enschede); Adelante Rehabilitation Center (Hoensbroek); Sint Maartenskliniek (Nijmegen); University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Rehabilitation-location Beatrixoord (Haren); Rehabilitation Center Heliomare (Wijk aan Zee), and Rijndam Rehabilitation Center (Rotterdam).
Author contributions
MP was responsible for designing the study and writing the report, and contributed to the interpretation of the results. JA was responsible for the data collection and provided feedback on the report. CP was responsible for the statistical analyses and interpretation of the results, and provided feedback on this report.
Funding
ALLRISC was sponsored by “Fonds NutsOHRA” under the responsibility of the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (www.ZonMW.nl), Project number 89000006.
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Post, M.W.M., Adriaansen, J.J.E. & Peter, C. Rasch analysis of the University of Washington Self-Efficacy Scale short-form (UW-SES-6) in people with long-standing spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord 56, 1095–1101 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41393-018-0166-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41393-018-0166-z
