Fig. 1

(A) An overview of the samples and methods used in this study, including (b) evidence of the enrichment of 13C in DNA extracted from soil amended with 13C-labeled or unlabeled substrate, and (c) for the separation and recovery of 13C-labeled DNA from heavy fractions of a cesium chloride density gradient. The schematic in A illustrates our use of organic and mineral layer soil from five forest regions incubated with or without one of three model constituents of lignocellulose. Due to limited quantities of 13C-labeled substrate, the complete pairing of all forest regions and substrates was not possible. In (B0 and (C), Statistically supported differences between paired labeled and unlabeled treatments (t-test; p < 0.01) are designated with an asterisk (*)