Fig. 4: Acetate and propionate stimulate IFN-I responses by GPR43 signaling. | The ISME Journal

Fig. 4: Acetate and propionate stimulate IFN-I responses by GPR43 signaling.

From: Ginsenoside Rg3 enriches SCFA-producing commensal bacteria to confer protection against enteric viral infection via the cGAS-STING-type I IFN axis

Fig. 4: Acetate and propionate stimulate IFN-I responses by GPR43 signaling.

Viral titers (a) at 24 hpi and relative Ifnb expression (b) at 8 hpi in WT BMDMs pretreated with acetate, propionate, butyrate, or GPR43 and GPR41 agonists (4-CMTB and AR420626) and subsequently infected with MNV (a, n = 6; b, n = 3). Viral titers (c) and relative Ifnb expression (d) at 1 dpi in PP macrophages sorted from Van- and SCFA-, 4-CMTB- or AR420626-pretreated, MNV-infected mice (n = 5). Viral titers (e) at 24 hpi and relative Ifnb expression (f) at 8 hpi in Van- and SCFA-pretreated, MNV-infected BMDMs (n = 5). Viral titers (g) and relative Ifnb expression (h) at 1 dpi in PP macrophages sorted from Van- and SCFA-pretreated, MNV-infected WT or Gpr43−/− mice (n = 4). Viral titers (i) in splenocytes and Ifnb levels (j) in splenic macrophages collected at 3 dpi from Van- and SCFA-treated, EMCV-infected WT or Gpr43−/− mice (n = 4). Plotted data represent the mean ± s.d. Unpaired two-tailed Student’s t tests were used for comparison of means between treatment groups. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001; ns not significant.

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