Table 1 Psychopathological characteristics at baseline, at 3 months and clinical changes during the follow-up period. Comparison between aripiprazole and risperidone.

	Total (N = 30)		Statistics	p	Aripiprazole (n = 16)		Risperidone (n = 14)		Statistics	p
	Mean	SD	Statistics	p	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Statistics	p
CGI
Baseline	6.5	0.6			6.56	0.51	6.43	0.65	t = 0.63^c	0.532
3 Months	1.8	1.2			1.63	1.20	2.00	1.24
3-Month change from baseline	−4.7	1.2	z = 4.83^a	0.000	−4.90	0.30	−4.47	0.33	F = 0.96^d	0.336
YMRS
Baseline	13.8	6.2			14.25	7.24	13.29	5.01	t = 0.42^c	0.679
3 Months	1.2	2.3			1.56	2.63	0.79	1.93
3-Month change from baseline	−12.6	6.5	z = 4.78^a	0.000	−12.25	0.59	−13.00	0.63	F = 0.75^d	0.394
CDSS
Baseline	1.5	3.0			2.06	3.82	0.86	1.75	t = 1.08^c	0.288
3 Months	1.2	2.3			1.19	2.34	1.14	2.25
3-Month change from baseline	−0.3	3.7	z = 0.35^a	0.724	−0.34	0.59	−0.32	0.63	F = 0.00^d	0.985
BPRS
Baseline	70.3	15.0			69.06	16.08	71.85	13.95	t = − 0.49^c	0.627
3 Months	29.9	7.1			29.06	7.07	30.92	7.48
3-Month change from baseline	−40.4	15.2	t = 14.32^b	0.000	−41.13	1.81	−39.53	2.01	F = 0.35^d	0.561
SAPS
Baseline	15.9	4.2			15.63	3.50	16.07	4.94	t = − 0.29^c	0.775
3 Months	0.6	1.7			0.69	1.89	0.71	1.49
3-Month change from baseline	−15.4	4.3	t = 19.28^b	0.000	−15.14	0.44	−15.12	0.47	F = 0.00^d	0.975
SANS
Baseline	4.8	6.9			3.47	6.56	5.93	7.43	t = − 0.95^c	0.352
3 Months	3.9	6.6			4.00	6.47	4.93	7.04
3-Month change from baseline	−0.9	5.6	z = 1.14^a	0.255	−0.07	1.54	−0.36	1.59	F = 0.02^d	0.899

BPRS Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, CDSS Calgary Depression Rating Scale for Schizophrenia, CGI Clinical Global Impression, SANS Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, SAPS Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms, YMRS Young Mania Rating Scale
^aWilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test
^bPaired Student’s t-test
^cComparison between aripiprazole and risperidone at baseline; unpaired Student’s t-test
^dComparison between aripiprazole and risperidone following the antipsychotic treatment, using the total score of the clinical scales at baseline as covariate; analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)

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