Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the mothers and children in the maternal immune and maternal non-immune groups (n = 363).

From: Maternal immune conditions are increased in males with autism spectrum disorders and are associated with behavioural and emotional but not cognitive co-morbidity

 

Full cohort

Maternal immune

Maternal non-immune

p valuea

Number of participants, n (%)

363

99

264

 

Mother’s education, n (%)b

   

0.644

 High school graduate or less

26 (7.16)

4 (4.04)

22 (8.3)

 

 Technical/vocational

37 (10.19)

12 (12.12)

25 (9.47)

 

 Some college credit

59 (16.25)

19 (19.19)

40 (15.15)

 

 Associate degree

47 (12.95)

12 (12.12)

35 (13.26)

 

 Bachelor’s degree

96 (26.45)

29 (29.29)

67 (25.38)

 

 Professional, Master’s, or Doctorate degree

47 (12.95)

15 (15.15)

32 (12.12)

 

Annual family income, n (%)b

   

0.730

 ≤$29 000

38 (10.4)

8 (8.08)

30 (11.36)

 

 $30,000–$49,000

44 (12.12)

15 (15.15)

29 (10.98)

 

 $50,000–$74,999

54 (14.88)

17 (17.17)

37 (14.02)

 

 $75,000–$99,999

59 (15.25)

18 (18.18)

41 (15.53)

 

 $100,000–$149,999

48 (13.22)

11 (11.11)

37 (14.02)

 

 ≥$150,000

48 (13.22)

14 (14.14)

34 (12.88)

 

Mother’s age at childbirth, mean (SD)

31.57 (5.35)

31.87 (4.87)

31.46 (5.53)

0.528

Offspring race, n (%)b

   

0.517

 Asian

29 (7.99)

7 (7.07)

22 (8.33)

 

 Mixed

41 (11.29)

11 (11.11)

30 (11.36)

 

 Other

31 (8.54)

6 (6.06)

25 (6.87)

 

 White/Caucasian

229 (63.09)

71 (71.72)

158 (59.85)

 

Offspring age, median (IQR)

3.07 (2.64–3.36)

2.98 (2.53–3.23)

3.15 (2.70–3.38)

0.013c

Offspring sex, n (%)

   

0.009

 Male

252 (69.42)

79 (79.80)

173 (65.53)

 

 Female

111 (30.58)

20 (20.20)

91 (34.47)

 
  1. SD standard deviation, IQR interquartile range.
  2. ap Values are reported for comparisons between the maternal immune and maternal non-immune groups using independent-samples t tests, Mann–Whitney U test, or Chi-square tests as appropriate.
  3. bPercentages expressed as a fraction of the number of participants in each group. Percentages may not total 100 due to missing data for some variables.
  4. cMann–Whitney U test used for offspring age as data were not normally distributed.