Table 1 Clinical and demographic description of sample.

From: Large epigenome-wide association study of childhood ADHD identifies peripheral DNA methylation associated with disease and polygenic risk burden

 

ADHD vs. control

ADHD polygenic risk score (European-ancestry only)

ADHD

non-ADHD

ADHD

non-ADHD

N

391

213

302

170

Age (years)

9.8 (1.4)

9.8 (1.4)

9.9 (1.4)

9.8 (1.4)

% male

71.6%*

51.60%

72.5%*

54.10%

% European ancestry

77.20%

79.80%

100.00%

100.00%

Family income ($K)

76.2 (40.7)*

84.1 (39.0)

80.2 (40.2)

85.7 (39.4)

Estimated full scale IQ

108.1 (13.7)*

115.2 (12.5)

109.2 (13.2)*

115.3 (12.7)

Inattention(T)

72.7 (12.1)*

44.5 (7.0)

73.0 (12.2)*

44.3 (7.0)

Hyperactivity-Imp(T)

67.8 (14.6)*

45.4 (7.5)

68.1 (14.7)*

45.0 (7.5)

Lifetime mood disorder

7.2%*

2.8%

7.6%*

3.0%

Lifetime anxiety disorder

19.9%*

8.5%

19.9%*

8.3%

Lifetime conduct disorder

1.3%

0.0%

1.3%

0.0%

Lifetime ODD

17.6%*

0.5%

19.5%*

0.0%

Ever psychiatric med

45.0%*

0.9%

48.3%*

0.0%

  1. Medication history was defined as any lifetime use of psychiatric medication
  2. Inattention is the inattention T score by parent-rated ADHD Rating Scale
  3. Differences between ADHD/control groups were determined by Mann–Whitney U tests for continuous measures and Fisher’s exact tests for categorical measures
  4. ODD oppositional defiance disorder, Hyperactivity-Imp Hyperactivity-impulsivity T score
  5. Significant differences (p < 0.05) are indicated with an *
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