Fig. 5: The global-integrated-SEM.

This figure shows the path regressors of an integrated combination of possible predictors of symptoms of mental illness, including the SCS, the SDH factors, and the presence of psychiatric antecedents, the presence of psychical–somatic problems and cognitive functioning. The figure shows that emotion recognition skills (SCS), the presence of social adverse factors and social protective factors (both factors belonging to SDH), the presence of psychiatric antecedents and the presence of physical–somatic problems significantly predict symptoms of mental illness. Circles depict latent (unmeasured theoretical built) variables. Squares depict observable (measured) variables. One-way bold arrows depict regressor paths. Two-way arrows reveal significant covariation between latent variables. Bold numbers indicate significant (standardized) regressor scores. The outcome of latent and observable variables (symptoms of mental illness) is shown in gray. Triangles with a “1” on the interior and including an arrow pointing to a specific latent variable depicts the latent intercepts (i.e., factor means). The figure only shows latent intercepts in which the estimated factor mean of females was statistically different from males. For ease representation error terms are not shown in the figure.